Which of the following BEST describes how understanding the physical science of fire can help firefighters?
A.It keeps radiant heat from igniting fuel.
B.It keeps flaming combustion from beginning.
C.It translates into practical knowledge of fire behavior
C
p.208
Which of the following terms refers to a substance remaining chemically the same, but changing in size, shape or appearance?
A.Chemical shift
B.Physical change
C.Chemical reaction
D.Parallel alteration
B
p.208
When a substance changes from one type of matter to another, it has had a:
A.chemical shift.
B.physical change.
C.chemical reaction.
D.physical alteration.
C
p.208
Which of the following represents the amount of energy that an object can release in the future?
A.Kinetic
B.Thermal
C.Potential
D.Mechanical
C
p.209
The energy possessed by a moving object is called:
A.kinetic energy.
B.thermal energy.
C.potential energy.
D.mechanical energy.
A
p.209
The potential chemical energy of fuel in fire behavior is converted to:
A.sound energy.
B.thermal energy.
C.electrical energy.
D.mechanical energy.
B
p.209
What type of reaction absorbs energy as it occurs?
A.Kinetic
B.Potential
C.Exothermic
D.Endothermic
D
p.210
What type of reaction releases energy in the form of heat and sometimes light?
A.Kinetic
B.Potential
C.Exothermic
D.Endothermic
C
p.210
The process of ignition causes pyrolysis in solid fuels and ___ in liquid fuels.
A.melting
B.freezing
C.vaporization
D.kinetic reaction
C
p.210
What is the most common form of ignition?
A.Piloted
B.Exothermic
C.Endothermic
D.Autoignition
A
p.210
What mode of combustion produces a smoldering glow in a material�s surface?
A.Kinetic
B.Flaming
C.Potential
D.Nonflaming
D
p.212
In what mode of combustion is a visible flame produced?
A.Kinetic
B.Flaming
C.Potential
D.Nonflaming
B
p.212
What are the elements necessary to create fire in the model represented by the fire triangle?
A.Fuel, oxygen, heat
B.Heat, fuel, ignition
C.Passive agents and heat
D.Oxygen and passive agents
A
p.212
Which of the following BEST describes what the fire tetrahedron represents?
A.A transfer of sound energy
B.The process of autoignition
C.An uninhibited chemical chain reaction
D.The relationship between fuel, oxygen, heat
C
p.212
What type of combustion occurs when burning is localized on or near a fuel�s surface?
A.Flaming
B.Exothermic
C.Nonflaming
D.Endothermic
C
p.213
What product of combustion may heat adjacent fuels, making them susceptible to ignition?
A.Toxic smoke
B.Thermal energy
C.Hydrogen cyanide
D.Carbon monoxide
B
p.214
What product of combustion causes the most fire deaths?
A.Toxic smoke
B.Thermal energy
C.Carbon dioxide
D.Hydrogen cyanide
A
p.215
What product of combustion is the most common product in structure fires?
A.Toxic smoke
B.Thermal energy
C.Hydrogen cyanide
D.Carbon monoxide
D
p.215
Which of the following BEST describes why firefighters must use SCBA during overhaul?
A.Smoke is not like other flammable gases; it will not burn or explode.
B.Hazardous concentrations of smoke are only present outside the structure.
C.Hazardous concentra
D
p.216
Which of the following BEST describes kinetic energy transfer?
A.It does not move at all.
B.It moves from one substance to another, no matter what the temperature.
C.It moves from low-temperature to high-temperature substances.
D.It moves from high-temper
D
p.216
What source of thermal energy is the most common source of heat in combustion reactions?
A.Radiant energy
B.Electrical energy
C.Chemical energy
D.Mechanical energy
C
p.217
Which of the following sources of energy is a form of oxidation?
A.Sparking
B.Self-heating
C.Resistance heating
D.Spontaneous ignition
B
p.217
What method of electrical energy occurs when a high-temperature luminous discharge crosses a gap?
A.Arcing
B.Sparking
C.Overcurrent
D.Resistance heating
A
p.219
What method of heat transfer occurs when a material is heated as the result of direct contact with a heat source?
A.Potential
B.Radiation
C.Conduction
D.Convection
C
p.220
What heat transfer method usually occurs through movement of hot smoke and fire gases?
A.Potential
B.Radiation
C.Conduction
D.Convection
D
p.221
What method of heat transfer can become the dominant mode as the fire grows in size?
A.Potential
B.Radiation
C.Conduction
D.Convection
B
p.222
Which of the following BEST describes the influence of exposed surfaces on radiant heat?
A.Creating a vacuum will stop radiant heat.
B.Materials that reflect radiated energy help increase radiant heat.
C.Dark materials emit and absorb heat more effectivel
C
p.222
Which type of fuel does not contain carbon?
A.Simple
B.Organic
C.Reactive
D.Inorganic
D
p.223
Which of the following terms is the total amount of energy released when a specific amount of fuel is burned?
A.Thermal energy
B.Chemical energy
C.Heat release rate
D.Heat of combustion
D
p.223
Heat release rate is usually expressed in which of the following measurements?
A.Kilowatts (kW)
B.Kilojoules/gram (kJ/g)
C.British thermal unit (Btu)
D.Kilowatts per meter squared (kW/m2)
A
p.224
What type of fuel can be the most dangerous of all the types?
A.Solid
B.Liquid
C.Gaseous
D.Chemical
C
p.225
What type of fuel has mass and volume but no definite shape?
A.Solid
B.Liquid
C.Gaseous
D.Chemical
B
p.226
Liquids with a specific gravity of less than 1 will:
A.turn into vapor.
B.turn into solid.
C.float on the surface.
D.sink below the surface.
C
p.226
Which of the following BEST describes what vapor pressure indicates?
A.How easily a substance will evaporate
B.How long it takes a substance to evaporate
C.What form the substance will take in a container
D.What direction a substance will take when releas
A
p.226
Which of the following terms is the minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off sufficient vapors to ignite, but still not sustain combustion?
A.Fire point
B.Flash point
C.Vapor point
D.Pressure point
B
p.227
What term is used to describe the extent to which a substance will mix with water?
A.Solubility
B.Mixability
C.Volatility
D.Reactivity
A
p.227
What type of fuel has a definite size and shape?
A.Solid
B.Liquid
C.Gaseous
D.Chemical
A
p.228
Which of the following terms is used to refer to the process that can generate sufficient quantities of burnable vapors to ignite in the presence of a sufficient oxidizer?
A.Pyrolysis
B.Fire point
C.Flash point
D.Vapor pressure
A
p.228
Fuel particles become smaller as the ratio of surface-to-mass:
A.increases.
B.decreases.
C.stays constant.
D.fluctuates back and forth.
A
p.229
The primary oxidizing agent in most fires is:
A.carbon.
B.oxygen.
C.nitrogen.
D.hydrogen.
B
p.231
Which of the following BEST describes the impact of higher oxygen concentration on combustion?
A.Materials burn more intensely.
B.Fires may be easier to extinguish.
C.Nonflaming combustion is extinguished.
D.Materials that do not burn at normal levels sti
A
p.231
What term defines the minimum concentration of fuel vapor and air that supports combustion?
A.Vaporization
B.Vapor pressure
C.Lower flammable limit
D.Upper flammable limit
C
p.232
Which of the following BEST describes the complete oxidation of methane?
A.It produces water.
B.It produces carbon dioxide.
C.It produces oxygen and water.
D.It produces carbon dioxide and water.
D
p.233
Which of the following BEST describes the impact of an extinguishing agent when trying to extinguish flaming combustion?
A.It forms an unstable product.
B.It speeds the combustion reaction.
C.It interferes with the chemical reaction.
D.It burns more oxyge
C
p.234
Which of the following fire development factors affects heat release rate?
A.Fuel type
B.Ventilation
C.Compartment volume and ceiling height
D.Availability and location of additional fuel
A
p.235
What fire development factor is based on considering how the volume of air will impact radiated heat in a fire?
A.Fuel type
B.Ambient conditions
C.Compartment volume and ceiling height
D.Availability and location of additional fuel
C
p.238
What form of compartment fire is controlled by the availability of oxygen and the configuration of fuel?
A.Uncontrolled
B.Fuel-controlled
C.Base controlled
D.Ventilation-controlled
B
p.239
What thermal property of a compartment contains heat within the compartment, causing localized increase in temperature?
A.Insulation
B.Retention
C.Passive agents
D.Heat reflectivity
A
p.240
What fire development factor includes cold temperature, strong winds, and wind direction?
A.Fuel type
B.Ambient conditions
C.Compartment volume and ceiling height
D.Availability and location of additional fuel
B
p.240
In what stage is fire development largely dependent on the characteristics and configuration of the fuel involved?
A.Incipient
B.Growth
C.Fully Developed
D.Decay
A
p.241
Which of the following affects the amount of air entrained in the plume during the growth stage?
A.Type of fuel
B.Thermal layering
C.Location of ignition
D.Location of fuel package
D
p.243
Which of the following is defined as the tendency of gases to form into layers according to temperature?
A.Type of fuel
B.Thermal layering
C.Location of ignition
D.Location of fuel package
B
p.244
The neutral plane in the growth stage is the:
A.beginning of rapid transition layers.
B.point where thermal layering begins.
C.opening in the hot and cool layers.
D.interface of hot and cool layers at an opening.
D
p.244
Isolated flames in the gas layer during the growth stage indicates:
A.hot and cool gases are mixing together.
B.the temperature is only slightly above ambient.
C.the concentration of combustion products is low.
D.that portions of the layer are within flam
D
p.245
What stage of fire development occurs when all the combustible materials in a compartment are burning?
A.Incipient
B.Growth
C.Fully Developed
D.Decay
C
p.246
What fire stage occurs as the fuel is consumed and oxygen concentration falls?
A.Incipient
B.Growth
C.Fully Developed
D.Decay
D
p.246
What type of rapid fire development happens when all the combustible materials and gases in a compartment ignite almost simultaneously?
A.Backdraft
B.Flashover
C.Combustion
D.Smoke explosion
B
p.247
What common element of flashover represents the shift from growth stage to fully developed stage?
A.Rapidity
B.Compartment
C.Transition in fire development
D.Ignition of all exposed surfaces
C
p.247
Which of the following is a heat indicator of a possible flashover?
A.Darkening smoke
B.Darkened windows
C.Bi-directional movement in smoke
D.High velocity and turbulent air flow
B
p.248
The ignition of unburned fire gases at the top of the compartment is known as:
A.rollover.
B.flashover.
C.combustion.
D.smoke explosion.
A
p.248
What aspect of fire development is a result of an increase in low-level ventilation prior to upper level ventilation?
A.Rollover
B.Backdraft
C.Combustion
D.Smoke explosion
B
p.248
Which of the following is a building indicator for a possible backdraft?
A.Optically dense smoke
B.Little or no visible flame
C.Turbulent smoke discharge
D.Fire confined to a void space
D
p.249
Which of the following is a heat indicator for a possible backdraft?
A.Smoke stained windows
B.Turbulent smoke discharge
C.Fire confined to a void space
D.Contents with high heat release rate
A
p.249
What type of rapid fire development occurs as unburned fuel gases contact an ignition source?
A.Rollover
B.Backdraft
C.Combustion
D.Smoke explosion
D
p.250
What is the most common method used in fire fighting operations?
A.Fuel removal
B.Oxygen exclusion
C.Temperature reduction
D.Chemical flame inhibition
C
p.250
Water is converted to steam at:
A.190oF (88 oC).
B.212oF (100oC).
C.230oF (110 oC).
D.300oF (149 oC).
B
p.250
What method of fire suppression is the simplest?
A.Fuel removal
B.Oxygen exclusion
C.Temperature reduction
D.Chemical flame inhibition
A
p.251
What fire-suppression method does not work if fuel is self-oxidixing?
A.Fuel removal
B.Oxygen exclusion
C.Temperature reduction
D.Chemical flame inhibition
B
p.251
What suppression method uses extinguishing agents to stop flame production?
A.Ventilation
B.Oxygen exclusion
C.Temperature reduction
D.Chemical flame inhibition
D
p.251
What fire behavior can be the result of wind from outside the structure?
A.Oxygen exclusion
B.Unplanned ventilation
C.Temperature reduction
D.Chemical flame inhibition
B
p.252