lashing
specific knots and ties pertaining to tying of two or more poles together for the purpose of rescue and lifting activities
hemp
rope manufactured from fibers of the hemp plant
halyard
the rope usually half inch in diameter , attached to the fly sections of an extension ladder
synthetic
man made
half hitch
used most often to finish a tie when hoisting tools
breaking strength
the point at which the item in question will fail
laying
a term indicating the direction of a twist applied to individual strands that form a rope
square knot
basically used in first aid. it is used for tying bandages and slings, or when it becomes necessary to bind two lines together
figure eight knot
is used as a stopper knot when tied to a single line. when tied to a double line it can be used to sling on the hook on a block and tackle using a hitch
manila rope
generally recognized as the prefered type of non-synthetic rope. comes from the phillipines and is made from fiber of the abaca plant
sisal
fibers of the mexican hemp plant used to manufacture a specific type of rope
polypropylene/ polyethylene
man made fabrics in the construction of synthetic rope
axis
a straight line about which a body rotates
bowline
one of the most used and versatile knots in the fire service. once it has been tied properly this knot is one of the most secure and can be used for pulling and hoisting
larks foot
very fast and easy. its commonly tied on a hose strap to carry a hose
1/2, 9/16 ,3/4
these are the 3 rope sizes generally used by fire services
timber hitch
quick, easy and made for holding types of equipment. such as a salvage cover. wont slip ,easy to untie even when wet
clove hitch
most often used to tie an object being secured to go aloft .. it is also used to secure lashings and riggings
barrel hitch
designed to lift cylindrical objects
becket bend
a knot that will allow the tying of equal or un equal sizes together. it will hold without slipping and is easy to unti. can also be tied to a folded salvage cover without damage to the cover
energized electrical
an electrical device or circuit to which elctrical power is applied
water extinguisher
most useful on class a fires involving ordinary combustibles...should not be used for class B or class C fires
class D extinguisher
for combustible metals .. ex. magnesium ...yellow star is the symbol
class C extinguisher
used for energized electrical... once electricity has been turned off it becomes a class A or class B fire ....has a blue circle as a symbol
class B extinguisher
used for flammable liquids... ex.. oil , grease , gasoline.....has a red square as its symbol
class A extinguisher
for ordinary combustibles ...ex... wood, paper, fabrics..... symbol is a green triangle
carbon dioxide extinguisher
excellent for classes A, B, and C fires. not recommended for D fires and has a 3 to 8 foot range ...they are found in 2 1/2 , 5, 6, 7 1/2, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 26, 50, 75, and 100lb units
pump tank extinguisher
operates with hand activated pump and stores water in a non-pressurized storage container
stored pressure extinguisher
most commonly stored in the 2 1/2 gallon wall mounted unit .. rated 2A the wire seal must be broken and pin pulled to operate
dry chemical extinguisher
all pressure operated and has a range of 5-15 feet . forms a crust and leaves a hard residue when it touches a hot surface
282,000
paid career fire fighters held ____ jobs in 2002
municipal or county fire dept
9 out of 10 fire fighters where employed by ?
70%
according to the united states fire administration, what percentage of fire companies are staffed by volunteer fire fighters ?
38,656-48,678 annually
2002 fire fighter engineer salary
40,387- 51,531 anually
prevention /inspector 2002 salary
41,800-49,404 anually
fire liuetenant 2002 salary
45,383-54,463 anually
fire captain 2002 salary
54,935- 68,673 anually
batallion chief 2002 salary
55,645-69,036 anually
assistant fire chief 2002 salary
56,522-72,152 anually
deputy chief salary in 2002
64,134-82,225 anually
fire chief salary in 2002
13.58 per hr
median pay rate for state government fire fighters
15.96 per hour
federal fire fighters median hourly wage
17.92 per hr
local government fire fighters median hourly wage
more than 28.22 per hr
the highest 10% of fire fighters in 2002 earned :
less than 8.51 per hr
in 2002 the lowest 10 % of fire fighters earned :
12.53-22.96 per hr
the middle 50% of fire fighters in 2002 earned :
17.42 per hr
median hourly earnings of fire fighters in 2002 was:
sphygmomanometer
the portion of the blood pressure cuff that reads the actual pressure
first aid kit and resuscitator
contains emergency first aid supplies. contains various wound dressings , blood pressure cuff and sphygmomanometer ..resuscitator bag mask positive pressure ventilation device
water vaccum
a device carried on an operators back and has a hand held vaccum hose nozzle for sucking up water or spills. can vaccum 3 1/2 gallons of water in a couple of minutes
oxy-acetylene cutting torch
is used to cut various thickness of metal for forcable entry and rescue. highly dangerous if lines are severed
saws
gasoline operated , weighs approx 30 lbs and has 5000 revolutions per minute
air chisel
operates from compressed air in the self contained breathing apparatus .. excellent for cutting sheet metal. can cut a 2 foot square from an automobile roof top in 2 min
pick head axe
has a sharp pick on one end and conventional axe on other end. used for forcable entry and ventilation. the pick is used rake shingles the axe is used to cut through sheathing and flooring
airplane axe / crash axe
similar to the pry axe . has a knife like cutting edge in addition to to the axe blade and is made from non sparking material
pry axe
features all metal construction. the head has a pick on one side and an off set conventional blade on the other. at the end of the handle has a claw like prying device and gas shut off tool
tarps
used to protect furniture from water and smoke damage during a fire
ventilation fan
a gas powered portable fan housed in a metal case used to remove smoke and odor
come along
a system of levers , pulleyes , and cables that operate through a ratcheting handle. useful for moving heavy objects , removal of seats and sterring wheels and columns
wire and bolt cutter
used to severe pad locks chains wire fences and gates
pick pole
a tool with a hook attached to the end of a wooden or fiberglass pole aprox. 3- 20 ft long.. used for above or below ceilings and invaluable for finding fires in attics and crawl saces
extrication
the act of removing
10,000lbs psi push/20,000 psi pull
jaws of life actual force exerted at the tip of the jaws is approx.
155,000 lbs
the tensile strength of the arms of the jaws of life
forged titanium
the arms of the jaws scissor like and made of?
40lbs
the weight of the power unit used by the hurst tool and shears
hurst tool and shears
each tool weighs approx. ____ and uses a hydraulic mineral based oil
jaws of life
the hurst tool and shears combined for the purpose of saving a life in a trapped vehicle
CHD
coronary heart disease
acute trauma
injuries that occur as the result of a one time event such as a cut or a fall
cumulative trauma disorder / CTD
wear and tear on joints and surrounding tissue because of over use
ergonomic related disorders
cumulative trauma disorders and back disorders
metabolic syndrome x
a cluster of risk factors that include abdominal obesity , hypertension, and diabetes millitus
modifiable risk factors for CVD
cholesterol lipid fractions , cigerette smoking, diabetes millitus physical inactivity and hyper tension
non-modifiable risk factors for CVD
age , hereditary , race, and gender
modifiable risk factor
a risk factor that can be minimized by diet excersise or personal habit
health risk factor
a characteristic that is present early in life and is associated with an increased risk of developing future disease
myocardal infarction
death of heart muscle tissue also known as a heart attack
artery
the tubular vessels which carry oxygenated blood from the heart through the body
atherosclerosis
a chronic disease described by deposits of fatty substances and cholesterol on the inner layer of the arterial wall . can lead to obstruction or destruction of the artery
ischemia
a blockage of oxygen to a coronary vessel
CAD
coronary artery disease
usfa
united states fire administration
CVD
cardio vascular disease
CVA
cerebrovascualr accident or stroke
hypertension
high blood pressure .. recognized by unstable or elevation of the blood above normal range
CHD/coronary heart disease -CAD/coronary artery disease
specific forms of cvd in which blood vessels supplying the heart muscles are blocked
LDL
low density lipoproteins
HDL
high density lipo proteins
cardio pulmonary resuscitation/CPR
the physical process that allows a trained rescuer to breathe for and circulate the blood of an individual who can no longer do this on there own
torniquet
a evice used to stop bleeding when all other methods fail...a last resort
subcutaneous
beneathe the skin
aneurysm
when blood pressure reaches dangerously high levels , a blood vessel wall can become weekend and protrude
occlusion
blockaage of a cerebral head artery when a blood clot forms at the site of damage to the artery
xiphoid process
the cartilage located at the lower end of the sternum
larynx
located above the trachea and below the tongue . contains the vocal cords
carotid artery
the main ateries which pass up the neck and supply the head. can be felt on either side of the neck
ventilation (respiratory)
the process of supplying oxygen through the lungs and the simultaneous removal of carbon dioxide
4 minutes
the amount of time medical experts feel that brain damage will occure without oxygen
airway, breathing circulation
the abc's to evaluate and support cpr
cerebrovascular accident or stroke
a stroke characterized by restricted blood supply to some part of the brain
cardiogenic shock
shock caused from a lessening of cardiac out put . this is usually the resault of primary heart disease
ventricle
one of the two lower chambers of the heart
nytroglycerin
a drug which dialates the blood vessels allowing more blood to flow...often used for angina pectoris
angina pectoris
a disease condition marked by spasmodic chest pain, associated with restricted blood flow to the heart and usually relieved by rest and medication
trunk
the part of the body between thr neck and the pelvis
sternum
the breast bone
epidermis
the outer layer of the skin
dermis
the inner layer of the skin under the epidermis
femur
the long bone in the thigh
traction
the act of pulling
fracture
any break in a bone
metabolic shock
a state of shock produced by excessive loss of bodily fluid and or minerals
anaphylactic shock
a condition which develops rapidly and is caused by individuals hypersensitivity to a drug or foreign object sometimes referred to as an allergic reaction
phycogenic shock
a fainting spell usually brought on by the dilation of blood vessels caused from emotional stimuli
neurogenic shock
shock produced when muscles are temporarily or permanently paralyzed . the vessels tend to dilated and more blood than normalis required to fill them
obstructive shock
shock caused from insufficient oxygen supply to the body or inability to breath
hemorrhagic shock
shock brought on as the result of the loss of large amounts of blood from the blood vessels
fall out and blast
what are the two different kinds of shelters in the event of a terrorist attack
shielding
the heavier dense materials thick walls concrete bricks books and earth between you and the fallout particles the better
distance
the more distance between you and the fall out particles the better
time
fallout radiation losses intensity fairly rapidly . in time you will be able to leave the fallout shelter
elctro-magnetic- pulse /EMP
a high density electrical field acts like a stroke of lightening but is stronger faster and brighter
radiological disperssion device /RDD
the proper term for dirty nuke or dirty bomb
fallout
radio active particles that can be carried by wind for hundreds of miles
nuclear explosion
can cause deadly effects blinding light intense heat and thermal radiation
food and water contamination
some pathogenic organisms and toxins may persist in__ and __ supplies
aerosols
biological agents are dispersed in the air forming a fine mist that may drift for miles
toxins
poisinous substances found in and extracted from living plants animals or micro-organisms
viruses
organisms which require living cells to reproduce and are intimately dependent upon the body they infect
bacteria
small free living organisms that reproduce by simple division and are easy to grow
chemical warfare agents
poisinous vapors aerosol liquids or solids that have toxic affects on people animals and plants
incapacitating agent
BZ is considered what kind of agent
GA tabun, GB sarin, GD soman, GF VX
nerve agents
phosgene cyanide
pulmonary agent
pulmonary , nerve , riot, incapacitating
all 4 type of agents
direct threat
this is generally a warning pending a violent act
conditional threat
the kind of threat that contains the words OR and IF
veiled threat
reference to a violent act and associating it with the present situation