What are the 4 types of forces?
Compression, tension, torsion, shear
Axial Load?
pass through center at a right angle
Eccentric Load?
imposed on member on some other point other than center
Torsional Load?
are parallel to the cross section of supporting member
Examples of dynamic loads?
earthquake, wind, waves
Girder:
is found in a horizontal position
Truss:
triangle units with bottom and top chords
Floor trusses use?
2x4's
Wooden I beam construction:
web is osb 3/8 to 1/2
Ridgebeam:
connects rafters
Curtain wall:
exterior non loadbearing wall. Usually in office buildings. May leave a path for fire extension. Glass
Types of roof styles:
flat, shed, gable, hip, gambel (barn), mansard (diff pitches) saltbox, dormers
What are the most important structural members?
Columns
Vendome fire:
killed 9 ff during overhaul in 72'
Name diff types of Construction;
Type I: Fire resistive
Type II: Non combustible
Type III: ordinary
Type IV: Mill or heavy timber
Type V: wood frame
Fire resistive:
structural members protected from fire and have a hourly rating
Diff between Post and Pre WWII construction?
pre: more compartmentaliztion more mass
Noncombustible construction:
no fire resistance.
Ordinary Construction:
may have rapid fire spread in void spaces of roof trusses, fire may run pipe chases, dumbwaiter
Characteristics of heavy timber:
fire walls extend above the roof line, large freight elevators
Wood Frame types:
post and beam or braced frame
balloon frame
platform frame
lightweight woodframe
Post/beam;
posts at corner of building. Collapse inward
Balloon frame:
2x4 construction with non stop vert channel for fire spread
Platform frame:
built one story at a time. 2x8 joists sit on 2x4 walls. 2x6 roof joists
Lightweight wood frame:
gusset plates and the what not
Impact resistant drywall:
lexan sheeting in drywall, jewelry stores
EIFS:
exterior insulation and finish systems. Foam with spray on stucco.