NYS BLS Medication Review

Albuterol: Class

beta 2 agonist, bronchodilator

Albuterol: Action

relaxes smooth muscles of the bronchial tree, decreasing airway resistance

Albuterol: Indications

bronchospasms with history of asthma

Albuterol: Contraindications

known hypersensitivity

Albuterol: Adverse Reactions

tremors, anxiety, tachycardia, cough

Albuterol: Dose/Route

2.5mg in 3mL of solution inhaled via nebulizer, up to three doses

Albuterol: Onset

5-15 minutes

Albuterol: Duration

3-6 hours

Aspirin: Class

anti-platelet aggregate

Aspirin: Action

blocks formation of thromboxane A2, which causes platelet aggregation and arterial constriction

Aspirin: Onset

5-30min

Aspirin: Duration

1-4 hours

Aspirin: Indications

Acute Coronary Syndrome/Chest Pain

Aspirin: Contraindications

hypersensitivity, active ulcer disease

Aspirin: Adverse Effects

dizziness, lethargy, nausea/vomiting, heartburn

Aspirin: Dose/Route

324mg PO

Epinephrine: Class

sympathomimetic

Epinephrine: Action

imitates actions of sympathetic nervous system. inhibits histamine release, constricts arterioles, increases cardiac output, dilates bronchiols

Epinephrine: Onset

3-10 mins

Epinephrine: Duration

20-30 minutes

Epinephrine: Indications

acute asthma or anaphylaxis

Epinephrine: Contraindications

hypersensitivity, acute MI

Epinephrine: Adverse Reactions

tremors, headache, dizziness, anxiety

Epinephrine: Dose/Route (Adult)

0.3mg IM

Epinephrine: Dose/Route (Pediatric)

0.15mg IM

Naloxone: Class

opiod antagonist

Naloxone: Action

competes for and displaces opiods from mu receptors

Naloxone: Onset

2-10 mins

Naloxone: Duration

20-120 mins

Naloxone: Indications

hypoventilation or respiratory arrest in suspected opiod overdoses

Naloxone: Contraindications

hypersensitivity

Naloxone: Dose/Route (Adult)

2mg intranasal, up to 2 doses

Naloxone: Dose/Route (Pediatric)

1mg intranasal, up to 2 doses

Nitroglycerin: Class

nitrate

Nitroglycerin: Action

dilation of venous and arterial blood vessels, reduces myocardial oxygen demand

Nitroglycerin: Onset

1-3 mins

Nitroglycerin: Duration

20-30mins

Nitroglycerin: Indication

Acute Coronary Syndrome/Chest pain in patient with prescribed nitroglycerin

Nitroglycerin: Contraindications

head trauma, shock, hypersensitivity, systolic BP <120mmHg, use of ED medications in past 72 hours

Nitroglycerin: Adverse Reaction

headache, blurred vision, hypotension, syncope, nausea/vomiting

Nitroglycerin: Dose/Route

one tablet/spray SL, up to 3 doses

Oxygen: Class

gas

Oxygen: Action

saturates hemoglobin

Oxygen: Onset

immediate

Oxygen: Duration

less than 2 mins

Oxygen: Indication

hypoxia

Oxygen: Contraindication

absence of hypoxia

Oxygen: Adverse Reaction

dried mucosal membranes

Oxygen: Dose/Route

cannula: 2-6LPM
NRB: 10-15LPM
BVM: 15-25LPM
CPAP: 5-10cm H2O

Glucose: Class

monosaccharide

Glucose: Action

absorbed in GI tract, distributed to tissues to increase circulating blood sugar

Glucose: Onset

10 mins

Glucose: Duration

variable

Glucose: Indication

suspected or measured hypoglycemia (<60mg-dL)

Glucose: Contraindication

inability to swallow, inability to follow simple commands, concerns for airway patency

Glucose: Adverse Reaction

nausea

Glucose: Dose/Route

15-24gs PO (one unit)
*Not for gum absorption

Albuterol: Class

beta 2 agonist, bronchodilator

Albuterol: Action

relaxes smooth muscles of the bronchial tree, decreasing airway resistance

Albuterol: Indications

bronchospasms with history of asthma

Albuterol: Contraindications

known hypersensitivity

Albuterol: Adverse Reactions

tremors, anxiety, tachycardia, cough

Albuterol: Dose/Route

2.5mg in 3mL of solution inhaled via nebulizer, up to three doses

Albuterol: Onset

5-15 minutes

Albuterol: Duration

3-6 hours

Aspirin: Class

anti-platelet aggregate

Aspirin: Action

blocks formation of thromboxane A2, which causes platelet aggregation and arterial constriction

Aspirin: Onset

5-30min

Aspirin: Duration

1-4 hours

Aspirin: Indications

Acute Coronary Syndrome/Chest Pain

Aspirin: Contraindications

hypersensitivity, active ulcer disease

Aspirin: Adverse Effects

dizziness, lethargy, nausea/vomiting, heartburn

Aspirin: Dose/Route

324mg PO

Epinephrine: Class

sympathomimetic

Epinephrine: Action

imitates actions of sympathetic nervous system. inhibits histamine release, constricts arterioles, increases cardiac output, dilates bronchiols

Epinephrine: Onset

3-10 mins

Epinephrine: Duration

20-30 minutes

Epinephrine: Indications

acute asthma or anaphylaxis

Epinephrine: Contraindications

hypersensitivity, acute MI

Epinephrine: Adverse Reactions

tremors, headache, dizziness, anxiety

Epinephrine: Dose/Route (Adult)

0.3mg IM

Epinephrine: Dose/Route (Pediatric)

0.15mg IM

Naloxone: Class

opiod antagonist

Naloxone: Action

competes for and displaces opiods from mu receptors

Naloxone: Onset

2-10 mins

Naloxone: Duration

20-120 mins

Naloxone: Indications

hypoventilation or respiratory arrest in suspected opiod overdoses

Naloxone: Contraindications

hypersensitivity

Naloxone: Dose/Route (Adult)

2mg intranasal, up to 2 doses

Naloxone: Dose/Route (Pediatric)

1mg intranasal, up to 2 doses

Nitroglycerin: Class

nitrate

Nitroglycerin: Action

dilation of venous and arterial blood vessels, reduces myocardial oxygen demand

Nitroglycerin: Onset

1-3 mins

Nitroglycerin: Duration

20-30mins

Nitroglycerin: Indication

Acute Coronary Syndrome/Chest pain in patient with prescribed nitroglycerin

Nitroglycerin: Contraindications

head trauma, shock, hypersensitivity, systolic BP <120mmHg, use of ED medications in past 72 hours

Nitroglycerin: Adverse Reaction

headache, blurred vision, hypotension, syncope, nausea/vomiting

Nitroglycerin: Dose/Route

one tablet/spray SL, up to 3 doses

Oxygen: Class

gas

Oxygen: Action

saturates hemoglobin

Oxygen: Onset

immediate

Oxygen: Duration

less than 2 mins

Oxygen: Indication

hypoxia

Oxygen: Contraindication

absence of hypoxia

Oxygen: Adverse Reaction

dried mucosal membranes

Oxygen: Dose/Route

cannula: 2-6LPM
NRB: 10-15LPM
BVM: 15-25LPM
CPAP: 5-10cm H2O

Glucose: Class

monosaccharide

Glucose: Action

absorbed in GI tract, distributed to tissues to increase circulating blood sugar

Glucose: Onset

10 mins

Glucose: Duration

variable

Glucose: Indication

suspected or measured hypoglycemia (<60mg-dL)

Glucose: Contraindication

inability to swallow, inability to follow simple commands, concerns for airway patency

Glucose: Adverse Reaction

nausea

Glucose: Dose/Route

15-24gs PO (one unit)
*Not for gum absorption