Cathy has been diagnosed with calcium oxalate stones. Which of the following diet changes would be appropriate to prevent more oxalate stones? Select ALL that apply.
-reduce sodium in the diet.
-Answer reduce oxalates in the diet.
-avoid vitamin C supplements.
With acute renal failure, protein intakes should be:
Just at or above the RDA
Which of the following is a function of the kidneys?
-Maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance
-Converting vitamin K to its active form
-Filtration of waste materials
Which of the following foods would be appropriate for someone following a restricted potassium diet due to chronic renal failure?
applesauce
As urine production declines in the end stages of chronic renal failure, which of the following nutrients is NOT likely to be restricted?
Carbohydrate
is needed to provide adequate calories and to prevent protein from being used as an energy source. Restriction would not be a good idea.
After a patient receives a kidney transplant, the health care professional should expect his protein intake to be:
Higher initially, and eventually reduced to the RDA levels.
An excess of ______ in the diet will increase blood urea nitrogen levels in the blood.
protein
Which of the following foods would provide the least sodium for a renal diet?
canned pear
-Canned fruits are not normally as high in sodium as other processed foods.
In acute renal failure, fluid needs are determined by:
urine output
Diet, as a treatment for nephrotic syndrome, focuses on
preventing protein malnutrition and alleviating edema
A typical high calorie diet for wasting with cancer cachexia provides energy at about ________percent of the basal energy expenditure.
145
The nurse is working with a client admitted to the hospital with complaints of loss of appetite and weight loss. An assessment of the client also reveals depletion of lean body mass and serum protein. The nurse accurately recognizes these as characteristi
cancer cachexia.
Which of the following dietary factors has been shown to possibly prevent colon cancer?
fiber
Which of the following is an antipromoter for cancer development?
Vitamin B6
-Antipromoters prevent the rapid cellular division of cancerous cells. High fat, high calories, and alcohol all promote cancer development. There are several B vitamins, antioxidants, and minerals that are considered anti-promoters.
Cachexia, also called cancer cachexia or cancer anorexia cachexia,
is a wasting syndrome. It is the loss of fat and muscle due to a chronic disease, such as cancer, and not eating enough nutrients (malnourishment).
-causes weight loss, loss of appetite, weakness and fatigue.
A patient is undergoing chemotherapy treatments for breast cancer and was instructed on neutropenic precautions. Which of the following foods can she safely consume?
Homemade mashed potatoes without skin
Mr. Nelson asks you what he can do to prevent cancer. You should recommend that he do all of the following except:
avoid all genetically modified organisms (GMOs)
-GMOs are not associated with risk of developing cancer.
Which statement about cancer is true?
Consumption of tomato products is associated with decreased risk of prostate cancer
Early dietary modifications for HIV patients on aggressive drug therapies include:
Reduced saturated and trans fat
-Since lipodystrophy with abnormal lipid levels, central obesity, and insulin resistance are common risks, reducing the amount of "bad fats" is a key part of diet therapy.
Which of the following is a characteristic of HIV-lipodystrophy syndrome?
lipodystrophy involves fat deposition in the body including the breasts, neck, and abdominal region in addition to abnormal lipid levels in the blood. These leads to risk of cardiovascular disease and insulin resistance.
Which of the following is NOT likely to interfere with adequate nutrition in end stage AIDS?
Lipodystrophy
- is a frequent complication in HIV, but it does not interfere with food intakes.