what is the dug for short acting beta 2 adrenergic bronchodilator?
albuterol
what is the MOA for albuterol?
bronchodilator
also stops bronchspasms
What is the onset of albuterol?
within 5 mintues (why its called a rescue inhaler)
What are the side effects of albuterol?
-Tachycardia, tremors, nervousness, insomnia, nausea, headache dizziness, cough, dry mouth
What are the anticholenergic and antimuscinaric drugs?
ipratroprium and tiotroprium
what is the MOA of ipratroprium (SAMA) and
tiotroprium (LAMA)?
relax bronchiole smooth muscles by selective action on muscinaric receptors and cut back on mucous secretion of
SAMA -short acting
LAMA - long acting
What are side affects of SAMA and LAMA?
dry mouth
hoarseness
increased intra-occular pressure
urinary retention
Cant pee. cant see. can't sit. can't shit.
What is the onset of SAMA?
duration?
onset: 12 minutes
duration: 6-8 hours
What is the onset of LAMA?
duration?
onset: 20 minutes
duration: 24 hours
what are the categories of steroids?
sones"
inhaled: beclomethsone
systemic: prednisone, methylprednisone, hydrocortisone
What is the MOA of corticosteroids?
suppress airway inflammation which reduces airflow obstruction
suppress cytokine production
suppress recruitment of eosinophils
What are the adverse effects of corticosteroids?
more doses --> more effects
hunger, thrush, myopathy, hypokalemia, skin bruising, ulcers, cataracts, ulcers, thinning of bones/osteoporosis
what are the adverse effects of beclomethasone specifically?
oral candidiasis, hoarseness, difficulty speaking, suppression of adrenal function, bone de-mineralization, muscle wasting, hyperglycemia, peptic ulcer disease, infection, fluid and electrolyte balance
What are the drugs in the methlyzanthines class of drugs?
theophylline and aminophylline
What is the MOA of theophylline?
relaxes bronchial smooth muscle and bronchdilation
What is inportant about administration of theophylline?
its used as "add-on" therapy
used for long term control
What are the adverse effects of theophylline?
N/V
agitation, nervousness, insomnia, seizures when toxic
arrhythmia
when is theophylline contraindicated?
caffeine consumption and contraindicated with smoking
what are the therapeutic levels of theophylline
5-15 mcg/mL
what time fo day shoudl pts take their corticosteroids?
in the morning (adverse effect --> insomnia)
what shoudl be monitored when pts are taking corticosteroids
glucose - even if they arent diabetic, they make get hyperglycemia