Barron's AP Music Theory Chapter 7 - Harmonic Organization III: Function and Cadences

The placement of the chord within the key refers to its

Function

The strongest and most stable pitch

the tonic

The three active tones

4, 6, 7

The most active tone

7

second most active tone

4

third most active tone

6

List the tones in order of stability

1, 3, 5, 2, 6, 4, 7

The two most active tones have what type of relationships to the two most stable tones?

half-step

Another name for tones that resolve by half-step

tendency tones

Roman numerals/functions are named for

the scale degree they are relate to

which chords tend to have a tonic function?

I, vi, or i, VI

Which chords will have a subdominant function?

IV, ii, or iv, ii*

Which chords will have a dominant function?

V and vii*

Which two chords have functions determined by tonal frequency?

VI, III (or iii, vi)

Another word for subdominant

pre-dominant

seventh chords are always more ____, and why?

active, contains a dissonant interval

The natural feeling of rest or release of tension at the end of a musical phrase; the harmonic, melodic, and rhythmic conclusion to a phrase

cadence

What types of durations do you expect to see during cadence?

longer ones

Cadences establish what?

the key

Chords for an authentic cadence

5 to 1

Like an authentic cadence, but both chords will be in the root. the tonic must also have the first degree doubled in the sopranoperfect authentic cadence

perfect authentic cadence

)like an authentic cadence, but either chord is inverted or the first degree is not in the soprano; can also be a progression from the leading tone to the tonic chord

imperfect authentic cadence

Which cadence is most strong?

perfect

Chords for an plagal cadence

4 to 1

Another name for the plagal cadence

the "amen" cadence

Cadence where the 5 is unexpectedly resolved to 3

deceptive cadence

Ends on the 5 chord, middle of a musical sentence

half cadence

in the harmonic minor, when the 5 chord is preceded by the minor 4 in the first inversion

phrygian half-cadence

the leading tone chord most often is in what position , and leads to what chord ?

first inversion leading to I or I^6

Cadences end on only what three chords

I, V, vi in major, i, V, VI in minor