Fallacies of revelance
breaks in logical reasoning; evidence doesn't match claim
- red herring
- ad hominem
-faulty analogy
- false authority
red herring
switches issues mid-argument in order to distract audience or avoid issue at hand
ad hominem
against the man
attacking the person rather than the argument
faulty analogy
comparing issues that are not the same to make an argument; can result in oversimplifying, through comparison, the issue at hand
false authority
citing someone who has no authority on the subject
Fallacies of accuracy
-straw man
-either/or
-post hoc ergo propter hoc
-bandwagon
-false equivalence
-genetic
straw man
misrepresenting someone's argument and make it easier to attack
-choosing a deliberately poor/oversimplified example to make point
-choosing an easier and unrelated part of the argument to attack
either/or fallacy
aka false dilemma
presenting two (extreme) options to make a point
post hoc ergo propter hoc
after which therefore because of which"
arguing that because something happened once it will happen again
bandwagon
aka ad populum
"everyone's doing it, so I should too
false equivalence
when two opposing sides or views are treated as logically equivalent when they are not
genetic fallacy
conclusion based on the argument that the origins of a person, idea, institute, or idea determine its character, nature or worth
-stereotypes
Fallacies of insufficiency
-hasty generalization
-slippery slope
-circular reasoning
-false cause
hasty generalization
not enough evidence to support a particular conclusion
CAVEAT: personal experience is effective in argument, but rarely sufficient
slippery slope
if A happens, than B will eventually happen, so we should stop A from happening
-uses extreme hypothetical, often based on fear
slippery slope v. hasty generalization
#NAME?
circular reasoning
repeating the claim as evidence for the claim
begging the question
claim made based on evidence that is in doubt, "begs" the question if the support for the claim is sound
false cause
correlation does not equal causation
Fallacies of revelance
breaks in logical reasoning; evidence doesn't match claim
- red herring
- ad hominem
-faulty analogy
- false authority
red herring
switches issues mid-argument in order to distract audience or avoid issue at hand
ad hominem
against the man
attacking the person rather than the argument
faulty analogy
comparing issues that are not the same to make an argument; can result in oversimplifying, through comparison, the issue at hand
false authority
citing someone who has no authority on the subject
Fallacies of accuracy
-straw man
-either/or
-post hoc ergo propter hoc
-bandwagon
-false equivalence
-genetic
straw man
misrepresenting someone's argument and make it easier to attack
-choosing a deliberately poor/oversimplified example to make point
-choosing an easier and unrelated part of the argument to attack
either/or fallacy
aka false dilemma
presenting two (extreme) options to make a point
post hoc ergo propter hoc
after which therefore because of which"
arguing that because something happened once it will happen again
bandwagon
aka ad populum
"everyone's doing it, so I should too
false equivalence
when two opposing sides or views are treated as logically equivalent when they are not
genetic fallacy
conclusion based on the argument that the origins of a person, idea, institute, or idea determine its character, nature or worth
-stereotypes
Fallacies of insufficiency
-hasty generalization
-slippery slope
-circular reasoning
-false cause
hasty generalization
not enough evidence to support a particular conclusion
CAVEAT: personal experience is effective in argument, but rarely sufficient
slippery slope
if A happens, than B will eventually happen, so we should stop A from happening
-uses extreme hypothetical, often based on fear
slippery slope v. hasty generalization
#NAME?
circular reasoning
repeating the claim as evidence for the claim
begging the question
claim made based on evidence that is in doubt, "begs" the question if the support for the claim is sound
false cause
correlation does not equal causation