Fallacy
An error in logic &
A false belief
Red Herring
Introducing somthing that has nothing to do with the question or argument.
Loaded Question
Two questions loaded in one/ and /Asking one question which assumes the answer to a second question.
Equivocation
Changing the meaning of a word in a argument.
Circular Reasoning
when some one says R is right because S is right and S is right because R is right.
Straw man
changing or exaggerating an opponent's position to make it easier to refute.
Appeal to the people
When we claim B is right because lots of people think so.
Faulty appeal to authority
going to someone who has no special knowledge in the subject.
Weak analogy
comparing something that do not have a lot in common . it's like comparing a car to a bike they are very different but the are both vehicles.
Either-or
when someone asserts that we must choose between two things, when we have more then two choices.
Hasty generalization
generalizing a class based upon a small or poor sample.
Whole to part
just because the whole is true does not mean all of the parts in the whole are true.
Part to whole
just because some parts are true does not mean the whole is true.
Slippery slope
is when someone assumes if we take one step nothing will stop us from taking a series of steps.
Proof by lack of evidence
claiming something is true simply because nobody has yet given any evidence to the contrary.
Appeal to Hi-tech
When someone says, BUY are NEW product cause it's the newest and greatest product of the year!
Snob appeal
when someone says his product will make us stand out and make us better.
Transfer
is getting us to transfer our good or bad feelings about one thing to another unrelating thing.
Repetition
repeating a message loudly and very often in the hope that we will believe it.
Exigency
When someone gives us a time limit to get what he wants.
Bandwagon
when someone invites you to join his wagon because everyone else is on the wagon.
Appeal to pity
when someone wants you to be sad to get what they want.
Ad hominem
attacking an opponent's character or his motives for believing something instead of disproving his argument.
Genetic Fallacy
Condemning an argument because of where it began, how it began, or who began it.
Tu Quoque
Dismissing another person's viewpoint on an issue because the speaker is inconsistent in that very thing.
Class
A group of people or things which all have some common characteristics.
Generalization
Takes a sample from a class of things, then, using the characteristics from that sample, says something about everything in that class.
Post Hoc ergo Propter Hoc
Assuming that since A happened before B, A must have caused B.
Assumption
Something taken for granted or accepted as true without proof.
Special pleading
Using a double standard or arguing for an unjustified exception.
Appeal to fear
When someone makes you fear the consequences of not doing what he wants.
Propaganda
Any strategy for spreading our beliefs or ideas.
Manipulative Propaganda
Used when someone plays with our emotions in a way designed to make us agree with them without thinking through the matter carefully.
Logic
Reasoning conducted or assessed according to strict principles of validity the systematic use of symbolic and mathematical techniques to determine the forms of valid deductive argument.