Primatology is the study of
the anatomy and social behavior of non-human primates in order to better understand humans.
2. Although the global scope of anthropological studies has increased during the past century, most recently there has been increased attention on2. Although the global scope of anthropological studies has increased during the past century, most recently
urban and industrial societies.
Which of the following is not a traditional subfield, or branch, of anthropology?
ethological anthropology
Why are forensic anthropologists asked to testify at trials frequently?
They specialize in identifying victims and circumstances of death
Historic archaeology:
works to reconstruct the cultures of people who used writing and about whom records exist.
Ecofacts are:
objects found in the natural environment that were used by people but not made or altered by them
Prehistoric archaeologists primarily
try to understand the past without a written record.
An anthropologist who studies the relationship between language and culture is working in the field of
ethnolinguistics
A holistic approach to the study of humans means that anthropologists:
study all varieties of people and all aspects of their existence.
The study of other cultures and other ways of life should lead us to an understanding that
all cultures have value and none is better than any other
Which of the following is not a characteristic aspect of holism?
It studies how all forms of life are related and evolved out of each other.
Although the global scope of anthropological studies has increased during the past century, most recently there has been increased attention on
urban and industrial societies.
Why are forensic anthropologists asked to testify at trials frequently?
They specialize in identifying victims and circumstances of death.
Physical anthropologists are interested in human variation today:
because it allows us an understanding of how humans adapt to the environment.
Historic archaeology:
works to reconstruct the cultures of people who used writing and about whom records exist.
Prehistoric archaeologists primarily
try to understand the past without a written record.
If you were building a new suburban community near a protected wetlands environment and needed to address concerns regarding soil erosion, deforestation, water treatment in the area, which type of anthropologist would best address those needs?
environmental anthropologist
Ethnocentrism is the belief that
other cultures are inferior to one's own.
The recent intensification of the flow of money, goods, and information to all parts of the world is referred to as
globalization.
Cultural relativism was first coined by
Boas and Herskovits.
Which of the following best characterizes the study of paleoanthropology?
Paleoanthropologists focus on the reconstruction of the human fossil record through the excavation and analysis of fossil remains.
The word "anthropology" derives from the Greek anthropos and logos and literally means
the study of humans.
Prehistoric archaeologists work with which of the following?
artifacts, ecofacts, and features
The specialty in archaeology that works to interpret and defend artifacts from building projects and other forms of site destruction is called:
cultural resource management.
Ethnographic research usually involves all of the following except:
working to make cultures more similar.
A holistic approach to the study of humans means that anthropologists:
study all varieties of people and all aspects of their existence.
Which of the following is most accurate? If taken to an extreme, cultural relativism can lead to
the belief that no cultural customs or practices are ever immoral.
Being attentive to both verbal and nonverbal communication is a skill known as
perceptual acuity.
The study of other cultures and other ways of life should lead us to an understanding that
all cultures have value and none is better than any other.
Cultural diffusion is very important in cultural change because
it is easier to borrow a thing or idea than it is to invent it.
All of the following are components of any definition of culture except:
biological predispositions.
Dr. Edward T. Hall's model of monochronic vs. polychronic cultures is based on the cultural variable of
time.
Some people in the world have tattoos, use scarification or wear bones in their noses because
their culture tells them that it looks good.
The integration of a culture means that
cultural parts are somewhat interconnected with one another.
Which of the following statements about cultural diffusion is false?
Widespread diffusion indicates that a culture is having difficulty adapting.
The task of the cultural anthropologist is to
describe the various parts of the culture he or she studies.
The organic analogy of a culture is an example of the characteristic that
cultures are generally interconnected.
The spread of a cultural element from one society to another is called
cultural diffusion.
Why do anthropologists distinguish between ideal behavior and real behavior?
people in a society rarely conform completely to social norms
Which statement about the concept of culture is false?
Most cultural universals are instinctual.
The central concept in anthropology is the concept of
culture.
The anthropological concept of culture includes all of the following except:
genetic aspects of being human.
In comparison to the United States and Germany, why have so few scientists received Nobel Prizes in Japan?
Japanese culture does not value bold experimentation of individual accomplishment as much as these other countries.
Trying to operate in an unfamiliar culture
often leads to the experience of culture shock.
Subcultures have all of the following characteristics except
they always enjoy all the benefits of the mainstream culture.
The process by which people acquire their own culture is
called enculturation.
Which of the following is the best example of the enculturation process?
an infant learning how to walk and speak
In situations of cultural diffusion:
the two cultures do not exchange every cultural item.
Why do anthropologists distinguish between ideal behavior and real behavior?
people in a society rarely conform completely to social norms
All of the following are components of any definition of culture except:
biological predispositions.
People from the same culture can predict one another's behavior because:
culture conditions behavior.
Trying to operate in an unfamiliar culture
often leads to the experience of culture shock.
Subcultures have all of the following characteristics except:
they always enjoy all the benefits of the mainstream culture.
Some people in the world have tattoos, use scarification or wear bones in their noses because
their culture tells them that it looks good.
Internal cultural changes occur most often in:
technologically complex societies.
The anthropological attitude that a society's customs and ideas should be viewed in the context of that society's culture is called
cultural relativism.
The spread of a cultural element from one society to another is called
cultural diffusion.
In situations of cultural diffusion:
the two cultures do not exchange every cultural item.
Forced borrowing under conditions of external pressure is a form of:
acculturation.
How does the emic view of anthropology contribute to its potential as a science to influence policy?
By understanding the beliefs and practices of the local people, program planners and administrators have a greater chance of succeeding in implementing change.
Which of the following types of cultural anthropology would be considered the least applied in its focus?
Basic ethnography
Applied anthropology includes all of the following except:
postmodern anthropology.
Applied anthropology is focused more on solving _______ than theoretical anthropology.
social problems
Alexander Ervin suggests that there are five types of cultural anthropology along a continuum. Which of the following is not one of the types of cultural anthropology that he proposed?
Practicing ethnology
Which of the following features is not associated particularly with anthropology?
focus on statistics
A specialized role in which an applied anthropologist conducts a fairly specialized type of research designed to determine whether a proposed program or project is needed is that of
needs assessor.
Richard Dembo's study of crack cocaine in west central Florida found that:
teenage dealers were using most of their income for luxury items for themselves.
Which of the following best identifies biocides?
types of agrochemicals used to protect plants against insects, fungi, and weeds
All of the following were detrimentally affected by the use of biocides on three Caribbean islands except:
wild rice
Which statement about applied anthropology is true?
It is problem-oriented.
Supporters of applied anthropological research
often include national and international agencies and private organizations.
Anthropology aimed very purposefully at practical results is referred to as
applied anthropology.
Applied anthropologists
All of these choices.
A specialized role in which an applied anthropologist interprets research findings so that policy makers, planners and administrators can make more culturally sensitive decisions is that of
research analyst.
A specialized role in which an applied anthropologist conducts a fairly specialized type of research designed to determine whether a proposed program or project is needed is that of
needs assessor.
Cultural relativism tends to foster
tolerance.
The result of the Nestle Corporation selling instant baby formula to Third World mothers was
infants developed a much higher rate of diarrhea.
In her role as an applied anthropologist confronting the Nestle Corporation marketing baby formula in third world countries, Van Esterik engaged in all of the following except:
organizing national protests against the company.
Theoretical anthropology
does not involve policy and action the way that applied does.
Supporters of applied anthropological research
often include national and international agencies and private organizations.
Why are ethnographic studies of powerful institutions in U.S. society so rarely conducted?
Influential policy setters are usually unwilling to submit to ethnographic study.
Applied and theoretical anthropology have
developed alongside each other from the early beginnings of the discipline.
A specialized role in which an applied anthropologist conducts a fairly specialized type of research designed to determine whether a proposed program or project is needed is that of
needs assessor.
Understanding of the multiple variables involved in human problems is fostered primarily by which special feature of anthropology?
the holistic perspective
Richard Dembo's study of crack cocaine in west central Florida found that:
teenage dealers were using most of their income for luxury items for themselves.
The result of the Nestle Corporation selling instant baby formula to Third World mothers was
infants developed a much higher rate of diarrhea.
In her role as an applied anthropologist confronting the Nestle Corporation marketing baby formula in third world countries, Van Esterik engaged in all of the following except:
organizing national protests against the company.
Applied anthropologist Li Jian found various kinds of barriers for rural Chinese to convert to household-based biogas production. Which of the following is not one of the types of barriers?
sufficient number of cattle
Which of the following was the subject of Penny Van Esterik's applied research?
Nestle baby formula controversy