Which of the following statements are true of anthropology?
It is the study of the human species and its immediate ancestors
Through enculturation, behavior and thought in a society are
made somewhat consistent
Humans continue to adapt and change
biologically and culturally
Adaptation refers to the process by which
organisms cope with environmental forces and stresses
The invention of pressurized airplane cabins equipped with oxygen masks in order to survive at the high altitudes reached during flight is an example of ___ adaptation
cultural
The term food production refers to the
cultivation of plants and domestication of animals
Because of cultural traditions, North American girls in comparison to Brazilian girls
excel in individual sports
Anthropology is a ___science
humanistic
Cultural and linguistic anthropology view creative expression
in their social and cultural context
Initially, the main distinction between sociologists and anthropologists was
That sociologists studies industrial societies and anthropologists studies nonindustrial societies
Anthropologists usually base their conclusions about human psychology on which of the following
--observations from more than one society
--cross-cultural comparison
Koro in East Asia, susto in Latin America, and mal de ojo ("evil eye") in Mediterranean countries are examples of
culturally specific syndromes
The study of the whole of the human condition is known as
holism
W-O-T-F are among the 4 subfields of general anthropology
--sociocultural anthropology
--Biological anthropology
W-O-T-F are studies by archaeological anthropologists?
--Animal bones
--tools
--garbage
W-O-T-F are specialties within biological anthropology?
--paleoanthropology
--human genetics
--primatology
W-O-T-F are aspects of linguistic anthropology?
--making inferences about universal features of language
-reconstructing ancient languages
--studying linguistic differences to discover cultural variations in perceptions and thought
The subfield of anthropology that describes, analyzes, interprets, and explains social and cultural similarities and differences is ___anthropology
cultural
An observed relationship between 2 or more variables
association
Practicing, or applied anthropology uses anthropological data, perspectives, theory and methods to
address contemporary social problems
W-O-T-F are valid ways for an anthropologists to study a culture
interpretive, scientific, humanistic
According to sociolinguistics
no language is a homogenous system
Public archaeology has been given an important role in evaluating sites
threatened by construction activities
Ethnographic fieldwork leads to a perspective that offers radically from w-o-t-f
economics, political science
The discipline that examines interprets, and analyzes the results of ethnography is called
ethnology
The study of ecosystems that include people, focusing on the ways people interact with nature based on cultural values
human ecology
In archaeology, the number of settlement levels in a city is a measure of
social complexity
The study of modern garbage, sometimes known as "garbology" provides evidence of which of the following concerning the people who produce the garbage
what the people actually did in everyday life
Primatology is relevant to paleoanthropology, because
primate behavior sheds light on early human behavior
As industrialization has spread, w-o-t-f have occurred to the field of anthropology
it has converged with sociology
it has focused increasingly on inner city life
W-O-T-F is true of the more useful theories
They help explain many associations and cover multiple cases
A suggested but universal explanation is known as a
hypothesis
In anthropology, associations are usually stated as
probabilities
Today's global economy and communications
link all people in the modern world system
One of the most fundamental assumptions shared by all anthropologists is that
a comparative, cross-cultural approach is essential
W-O-T-F is the term anthropologists use to describe the process by which a child learns culture
enculturation
Whose definition of culture includes the phrase. "that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, arts, morals, laws, custom, and any other capabilities acquired by man"?
Sir Edward Taylor
Children learn to avoid being told that it is dangerous, while animals learn to avoid fire by discovering that it burns them. The difference between the two is that human cultural learning depends on
the capacity to use symbols
No one has explained to you that you must stand facing the door while riding in an elevator, yet you know what to do. What does this reveal about the process of enculturation
Some cultural learning takes place through observation.