The tendency of people living in the Peruvian Andes to develop a voluminous chest and lungs for life at very high altitudes is an example of a(n)
Genetic adaptation
If an anthropologist is studying ethnic-religious conflict in contemporary Sri Lanka, he or she is most likely a(n)
Cultural anthropologist
The four main sub disciplines of anthropology consist of
CLAB (define)
The processes by which organisms cope with environmental forces and stresses.
Adaptation
Rathje's garbology project
is archaeology of modern people.
Ethnography is
the firsthand, personal study of local settings.
Anthropology's comparative, biocultural perspective
allows the inclusion of both biological and cultural approaches to comment on or solve a particular issue or problem.
Biological anthropologists study all of the following except
Ancient languages
Archaeologists study
Material remains
Anthropology is a holistic discipline because it
studies human biological, cultural, and linguistic variation across both time and space.
________ refers to the different symbol-based patterns and traditions associated with particular groups within the same complex society
Subcultures
________ refers to a sign that has no necessary or natural connection to the thing it stands for or signifies.
Symbol
Ethnocentrism is defined as viewing another culture
in terms of your own culture and values
What people say they do or should do is
ideal culture.
Which statement is NOT true?
Cultural relativism argues that some cultures are relatively better than others.
The process by which children learn culture is
enculturation.
________ focuses on how people with different motives, intentions, and degrees of power and influence manage to create and transform the society in which they live.
Practice theory
________ refers to the cultural change that results when two or more cultures have continuous contact.
Acculturation
Individuals do NOT learn culture through
genetic transmission.
Humans do NOT share such features as ________ with chimpanzees.
visible estrus
In survey research, sampling is
the collection of a representative subset of a larger population.
An interview schedule's advantage over a questionnaire-based survey is that
interview schedules allow informants to talk about whatever they feel is important.
________ refers to the study of the processes that affect the remains of dead animals.
Taphonomy
An expert on a particular aspect of local life is a(n)
key cultural consultant.
Taking part in the events one is witnessing and describing those events is
participant observation.
Paleopathology it the study of
disease and injury in skeletons from archaeological sites.
Molecular anthropologists study
the relationships among ancient and contemporary populations and among species.
________ is NOT an absolute dating technique.
Stratigraphy
The principle of superposition dictates that
in an undisturbed sequence of strata, the oldest layer is on the bottom
Which of the following would NOT be an ethical concern of anthropologists studying terrorism?
In a war zone, anthropologists can too easily distinguish themselves from military personnel.
________ describes the process that allows the selection of certain traits of one sex because of advantages they confer in winning mates.
Sexual selection
________ created the first biological classification (taxonomy) of plants and animals.
Carolus Linnaeus
________ is the process that produces sex cells.
Meiosis
Human populations living in temperate, northern climates generally have light skin color because it
helps to prevent rickets.
Natural selection...
operates when there is competition for strategic resources.
The term gene flow refers to
the transmission of genetic material between populations of the same species.
The relationship between the alleles that determine our blood types is
dominant, recessive, and codominant.
The simple definition of evolution is
descent with modification
Independent assortment and recombination play a role in evolution by
creating genetic variability in a breeding population.
________ is demonstrated by the example that the heterozygote HbS HbA, one sickle-cell allele and one normal one, was maintained in some populations as the fittest phenotype for a malarial environment.
Balanced polymorphism
The ________ of Old World monkeys appears beginning in Oligocene primates.
2.1.2.3 dental pattern
Which of these statements is NOT true?
Bonobos are considerably smaller than common chimpanzees.
The Pierolapithecus catalaunicus is
a possible Miocene common ancestor of humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans.
A(n) ________ is NOT a hominoid.
Lemur
________ do NOT have tails.
Apes
Which of these statements best describes the situation of orangutans in Indonesian Borneo?
Their numbers are drastically declining because of deforestation.
Which of these provides an example of analogies?
porpoise fins and fish fins
Prehensile (grasping) tails are characteristic traits of
New World monkeys.
Apes have longer arms than legs, which is adaptive for
brachiation
________ indicate(s) a shift from smell to sight as the primates' most important means of obtaining information.
Stereoscopic vision