Balance sheet
provides information about the nature and amounts of investments in enterprise resources, obligations to enterprise creditors, and the owners' equity in net enterprise resources. That information not only complements information about the components of in
solvency
refers to the ability of an enterprise to pay its debts as they mature. For example, when a company carries a high level of long-term debt relative to assets, it is lower. Information on long-term obligations, such as long-term debt and notes payable, in
A recent financial magazine indicated that the airline industry has poor financial flexibility. What is meant by financial flexibility, and why is it important
Financial flexibility is the ability of an enterprise to take effective actions to alter the amounts and timing of cash flows so it can respond to unexpected needs and opportunities. An enterprise with a high degree of financial flexibility is better able
Discuss at least two situations in which estimates could affect the usefulness of information in the balance sheet.
Some situations in which estimates affect amounts reported in the balance sheet include:
(a) allowance for doubtful accounts.
(b) depreciable lives and estimated salvage values for plant and equipment.
(c) warranty returns.
(d) determining the amount of r
Perez Company reported an increase in inventories in the past year. Discuss the effect of this change on the current ratio (current assets / current lia) . What does this tell a statement user about perez companys liquidity?
An increase in inventories increases current assets, which is in the numerator of the current ratio. Therefore, inventory increases will increase the current ratio. In general, an increase in the current ratio indicates a company has better liquidity, sin
What is meant by liquidity? Rank the following assets from one to five in order of liquidity. a. goodwill b. inventory c. buildings d. short term investments e. accts rec
Liquidity describes the amount of time that is expected to elapse until an asset is converted into cash or until a liability has to be paid. The ranking of the assets given in order of liquidity is:
(1) (d) Short-term investments.
(2) (e) Accounts receiva
what are the major limitations of the balance sheet as a source of information?
The major limitations of the balance sheet are:
(a) The values stated are generally historical and not at fair value.
(b) Estimates have to be used in many instances, such as in the determination of collectibility of receivables or finding the approximate
Discuss at least two items that are important to the value of companies like intel or Ibm but that are not recorded in their balance sheets. What are some reasons why these items are not recorded in the balance sheet?
Some items of value to technology companies such as Intel or IBM are the value of research and development (new products that are being developed but which are not yet marketable), the value of the "intellectual capital" of its workforce (the ability of t
How does separating current assets from pp&e in the balance sheet help analysts?
Classification in financial statements helps users by grouping items with similar characteristics and separating items with different characteristics. Current assets are expected to be converted to cash within one year or one operating cycle, whichever is
in its decemeber 31 2012 balance sheet oakley corp. reported as an asset. Net notes and accts rec, 7,100,000. What other disclosures are necessary?
Separate amounts should be reported for accounts receivable and notes receivable. The amounts should be reported gross, and an amount for the allowance for doubtful accounts should be deducted. The amount and nature of any nontrade receivables, and any am
Should available for sale securities always be reported as current assets? explain
No. Available-for-sale securities should be reported as a current asset only if management expects to convert them into cash as needed within one year or the operating cycle, whichever is longer. If available-for-sale securities are not held with this exp
what is the relationship between current assets and current liabilities
The relationship between current assets and current liabilities is that current liabilities are those obligations that are reasonably expected to be liquidated either through the use of current assets or the creation of other current liabilities.
The new york knicks inc sold 10000 season tickets 2000 each. Be december 31 2012 16 of the 40 home games had been played. What amount should be reported as current lia at dec 31 2012
The total selling price of the season tickets is $20,000,000 (10,000 X $2,000). Of this amount, $8,000,000 has been earned by 12/31/12 (16/40 X $20,000,000). The remaining $12,000,000 should be reported as unearned revenue, a current liability in the 12/3
What is working capital? How does working capital relate to the operating cycle?
Working capital is the excess of total current assets over total current liabilities. This excess is sometimes called net working capital. Working capital represents the net amount of a company's relatively liquid resources. That is, it is the liquidity b
In what section of the balance sheet should the following items appear and what balance sheet terminology would you use? a. treasury stock (rec at cost) b. checking acct at bank c. land (held as investment) d. sinking fund e. unamortized premium on bonds
(a) Shareholders' Equity. "Treasury stock (at cost)."
Note: This is a reduction of total shareholders' equity (reported as contra-equity).
(b) Current Assets. Included in "Cash."
(c) Investments. "Land held as an investment."
(d) Investments. "Sinking fun
where should the following items be shown on the balance sheet if shown at all? a. allow for doubt accts rec b. merch held on consignment c. advances received on sales contract d. cash surrender value of life insurance e.land f. merchandise out of consign
(a) Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable should be deducted from accounts receivable in current assets.
(b) Merchandise held on consignment should not appear on the consignee's balance sheet except possibly as a note to the financial statements.
(c)
State the generally accepted accounting principle applicable to the balance sheet valuation of each of the following assets. a. trade accts rec b. land c.inventories d. trading securities (comm stock of other co.) e. prepaid exp
(a) Trade accounts receivable should be stated at their estimated amount collectible, often referred to as net realizable value. The method most generally followed is to deduct from the total accounts receivable the amount of the allowance for doubtful ac
Refer to the definition of assets on page 216. Discuss how a leased building might qualify as an asset of the lessee under this definition
Assets are defined as probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by a particular entity as a result of past transactions or events. If a building is leased under a capital lease, the future economic benefits of using the building are control
Kathleen Battle says retained earnings should be reported as an asset, since it is earnings which are reinvested in the business. How would you respond to Battle?
Battle is incorrect. Retained earnings is a source of assets, but is not an asset itself. For example, even though the funds obtained from issuing a note payable are invested in the business, the note payable is not reported as an asset. It is a source of
The creditors of Chester Co agree to accept promissory notes for the amt of its indebtedness with a proviso that two thirds of the annual profits must be applied to their liquidation. How should these notes be reported on the balance sheet of the issuing
The notes should appear as long-term liabilities with full disclosure as to their terms. Each year, as the profit is determined, notes of an amount equal to two-thirds of the year's profits should be transferred from the long-term liabilities to current l
What is the purpose of the statement of cash flows? How does it differ from a balance sheet and an income statement?
The purpose of a statement of cash flows is to provide relevant information about the cash receipts and cash payments of an enterprise during a period. It differs from the balance sheet and the income statement in that it reports the sources and uses of c
The net income for the year for genesis inc. is 750000 but the statement of cash flows reports that the cash provided by operating activities is 640000. What might account for the difference?
The difference between these two amounts may be due to increases in current assets (e.g., an increase in accounts receivable from a sale on account would result in an increase in revenue and net income but have no effect yet on cash). Similarly a cash pay
Net income for the year for carrie inc. was 750000 but the statement of cash flows reports that cash provided by operating activities was 860000. What might account for the difference?
The difference between these two amounts could be due to noncash charges that appear in the income statement. Examples of noncash charges are depreciation, depletion, and amortization of intangibles. Expenses recorded but unpaid (e.g., increase in account
Differentiate between operating activities, investing activities, and financing activities
Operating activities involve the cash effects of transactions that enter into the determination of net income. Investing activities include making and collecting loans and acquiring and disposing of debt and equity instruments; property, plant, and equipm
Each of the following items must be considered in preparing a statement of cash flows. Indicate where each item is to be reported in the statement, if at all. Assume that net income is reported as 90000. a. accts rec increased from 34000 to 39000 from the
(a) Net income is adjusted downward by deducting $5,000 from $90,000 and reporting cash provided by operating activities as $85,000.
(b) The issuance of the preferred stock is a financing activity. The issuance is reported as follows:
Cash flows from fina
Sergey Co. has net cash provided by operating activities of 1200000. Its average current lia for the period are 1000000 and its average total lia are 1500000. Comment on the cos liquidity and financial flexibility, given this information
The company appears to have good liquidity and reasonable financial flexibility. Its current cash debt coverage ratio is 1.20 , which indicates that it can pay off its current liabilities in a given year from its operations. In addition, its cash debt cov
Net income for the year for tanizaki inc. was 750000 but the statement of cash flows reports that cash provided by operating activities was 860000. Tanizaki also reported capital expenditures of 75000 and paid dividends in the amount of 30000 compute tani
Free cash flow = $860,000 - $75,000 - $30,000 = $755,000.
what is the purpose of a free cash flow analysis
Free cash flow is net cash provided by operating activities less capital expenditures and dividends. The purpose of free cash flow analysis is to determine the amount of discretionary cash flow a company has for purchasing additional investments, retiring
what are some of the techniques of disclosure for the balance sheet?
Some of the techniques of disclosure for the balance sheet are:
(a) Parenthetical explanations.
(b) Notes to the financial statements.
(c) Cross references and contra items.
(d) Supporting schedules.
What is the summary of the techniques of disclosure for the balance sheet?
A note entitled "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" would indicate the basic accounting principles used by that enterprise. This note should be very useful from a comparative standpoint, since it should be easy to determine whether the company us
What types of contractual obligations must be disclosed in great detail in the notes to the balance sheet? why do you think these detailed provisions should be disclosed?
General debt obligations, lease contracts, pension arrangements and stock option plans are four items for which disclosure is mandatory in the financial statements. The reason for disclosing these contractual situations is that these commitments are of a
What is the professions recommendation in regard to use of the term surplus? Explain
The profession has recommended that the use of the word "surplus" be discontinued in balance sheet presentations of owners' equity. This term has a connotation outside accounting that is quite different from its meaning in the accounts or in the balance s