Which is the preferred site for a heel stick?
Medial or lateral section of the heel.
Which disorders can be detected through neonatal screening?
Cystic fibrosis
Which equipment is necessary for newborn screening blood collection?
Disposable gloves.
Which of the gauge sizes should be used for the infant scalp venipuncture?
23 gauge.
Which of the following is true of congenital hypothyrodism?
Screened for through the neonatal screening blood collection procedure
Cystic fibrosis is detected by the capillary blood gas test. (T or F)
False
A minute metal filing and magnet are necessary for the capillary blood gas procedure. (T or F)
True
EMLA is a topical anesthetic used after venipuncture in children. (T or F)
False
Sucrose is effective in reducing pain and crying time during a blood collection procedure for an infant.
(T or F)
True
The EMLA application provides anesthesia for 45 minutes to 3 hours. (T or F)
True
A 10 mL blood sample collected from a newborn is equivalent to 5 to 10 percent of the infant's total blood volume. (T or F)
True
An incision for a heel stick on an infant should not go deeper than 3.0 mm.
(T or F)
False
Parkinson's disease often occurs in elderly individuals. (T or F)
True
A physical problem common in elderly individuals is loss of feeling. (T or F)
True
The central area of the infant's heel is the best site for a heel stick blood collection. (T or F)
False
For children older than _________________ year, a fingerstick is appropriate for blood collection.
1
If an incision for a heelstick goes deeper than _________________ mm in a newborn, it can lead to osteomyelitis.
2.0
_________________ blood is the specimen of choice for blood gas testing.
Arterial
A common interference in newborn screening collections occurs when blood specimens are not dried for _________________ hours before mailing.
4
Children with Spina Bifida are particularly sensitive to _________________.
Latex
Use of a _________________ over a skin puncture site is not recommended for children less than 2 years old.
bandage
In the hospital, it is best to perform a blood collection procedure on a child in a _________________ room.
treatment
The horizontal position to immobilize a child is also referred to as the _________________ position.
Supine
Eutectic mixture of local anesthetics is also called _________________.
EMLA
For the newborn screening blood collection procedure, only _________________ side of the filter paper should be used.
1
Describe at least four interferences that can occur in newborn screening collections.
Blood specimen not properly dried before mailing. Filter paper circles not completely filled, not saturated with blood, or not ALL circles filled. Contamination of filter paper circles before or after blood collection by substances such as hand lotion, po
List the blood collection equipment needed for newborn screening blood collection.
Sterile, automatic, disposable pediatric skin-puncture safety devices in different manufacturers' incision depths (0.65-0.85 mm for premature neonates, 1.0 mm for larger infants). 70% percent isopropyl alcohol swabs. Sterile 2X2 gauze sponges. Newborn scr
Performing blood collection on a child is challenging because:
A child is less emotionally mature than an adult.
Which describes the behavior of an adolescent undergoing a painful procedure?
Embarrassed to show fear.
Which is an important step in preparign g the child and the parent for a phlebotomy?
Assess their past experience with blood drawing
The preferred technique for restraining a child is:
Vertical with parent leaning in child against the wall.
Which is an acceptable intervention to alleviate pain?
Oral Sucrose
Which is the preferred site for a heel stick?
Medial or Lateral aspect
Warming the heel does which of the following?
Arterializes blood
Method of distracting a child to alleviate anxiety include:
Music
Which site is recommended to collect capillary blood gases on a newborn:
Lateral posterior area of the heal
Which is the specimen of choice for testing the pH, pO2, and pCO2 of the blood:
Arterial blood
EMLA, sometimes used for pediatric venipuncture procedures, is a:
Topical anesthetic applied to the child's arm before venipuncture
The best location for performing venipuncture on a hospitalized 7 year old is:
In a treatment room
The optimal depth of a fingerstick in a child is:
Less than 2.0 mm
Physical frailties that may affect elderly individuals include:
Loss of taste, smell, and feeling, memory loss about taking medications, susceptibility to hypothermia.
Specimen collection in a patient's home may involve unusual positioning of the patient. What is the preferred position or location from which to collect a blood specimen from a homebound patient?
In the bathroom of the patient's home, seated next to the kitchen table, in a comfortable, reclining position.
Transportation requirements for specimens collected from homebound patients include:
Leakproof containers, timing efficiency in returning to the laboratory, cooling or heating accommodations.
Which is an acceptable alternative to hand washing prior to phlebotomy procedures?
Foam or cream disinfectants.
Which is a debilitating disease causing tremors, particularly in elderly individuals?
Parkinson's disease.
Which is an emotional factor associated with the aging process?
Depression.
Extra supplies and equipment are needed by home health care workers who collect specimens from homebound patients that are not necessary for workers in a hospital. These include:
Map and wireless phone.
Which is a complication that can result from multiple deep heel sticks on an infant?
Osteomyelitis.
Which is a commonly inherited disease that is detectable through a newborn screening process in neonates?
Sickle cell disease.
The angle of the needle for scalp vein venipuncture of an infant should be:
15 degrees.
After the blood collected from a heel stick is placed on the neonatal screening card, the card must dry in a horizontal position for a minimum of:
4 hours.
When a skin puncture is performed on an infant, which specimens is collected first?
Hematology specimens.
Which is needed for blood collection by skin puncture on an infant?
Puncture-resistant sharps container.
Blood spot testing for neonatal screening disorders should be performed before the newborn is:
72 hours old.
Which is an acceptable intervention to alleviate pain during venipuncture on a 5-year-old child?
EMLA.