Three main blood cells are
erythrocytes, leukocytes, & thrombocytes
Erythrocytes
are RBC's that transport O2 & CO2
Leukocytes
are WBC's that defend
Thrombocytes
are platelets that prevent clotting
Plasma
is the liquid portion of blood (unclotted or anticoagulant) which is whole blood
Hemolysis
is a rupture of RBC's or a collapsed vein
The most common vein used for venipuncture
is the median cubital
Syncope
is the sudden loss of conciousness caused by lack of oxygen also known as fainting
The gauge
is the size of the needle. The smaller the # the larger the gauge
The shaft
is the length of the needle
The lumen
is the opening of the needle
The bevel
is the slant at the tip of the needle
A winged-fusion set
is a butterfly needle, also called a blood collection set.
A tourniquet
cannot be left on longer than 1 minute
The ring finger
is the most common site used for capillary puncture in adults & infants
The most common size needle used for a routine venipuncture
is 21-22 gauge
Never tell a patient the procedure WON'T hurt.
...
Order of collection is
yellow lightblue red or red gray green lavender gray
The yellow tube contains
SPS
The light blue tube contains
trisodium citrate
The red or red gray tube contains
no additives or thixotropic gel
The green tube contains
sodium & lithium heparin
The lavender tube contains
EDTA
The gray tube contains
potassium oxalate
An evacuated tube
is a blood collection tube that has no air (vaccum) so blood could be withdrawn.
Venipuncture complications includes
anemia cardiac arrest hemorrhage & damage to tissues or nerves
The most common complication of venipuncture
is hematomas
A lancet
is a sharp apparatus which is used to puncture the skin in capillary blood specimen
The purpose of inverting the tube
is to mix the specimen with the additive as soon as specimen is withdrawn
The angle of venipuncture
is 15-30 degree
Hemoconcentration
is increased RBC's caused by the tourniquet being on for more than 1 minute
Serum
contains essentially the same chemical constituents as plasma but clotting factors (after specimen has clotted)
Anticoagulant
is a substance that prevents the specimen from clotting
Collapsed veins
occur when specimen is withdrawn too quickly or forcefully during venipuncture
Hematomas
occurs as a result of blood leakage during venipuncture