Where are the d-block elements located?
between group 2 and group 13
Why are elements across the periodic table from Scandium to Zinc named d-block elements?
the 3d sub-shell has the highest energy and electrons are added to the 3d orbitals.
Which typical physical properties of metals do the d-block elements display?
- high melting and boiling points
- shiny in appearance
- conduct both electricity and heat
Which d-block elements are used in coinage?
Copper, Silver, Nickel, and Zinc.
Which d-block element is used extensively in construction and the production of tools.
Iron
Which d-block element is used for electrical cables and water pipes?
Copper
Which d-block element is known for its great strength and is used in the aerospace industry as well as in medical applications such as joint replacement and in cosmetic surgery?
Titanium
What does the electron configuration of atom or ion show?
the arrangement of electrons in shells and sub-shells.
How do electrons occupy orbitals?
in order of increasing energy
The 4s sub-shell has a lower energy than the 3d sub-shell which means...?
Atoms of d-block elements fill their 4s sub-shell before they fill their 3d sub-shell .
What is different in Chromium and Copper?
Chromium and Copper do not follow the expected principle for placing electrons singly in orbitals before pairing.
Why do Chromium and Copper not follow the expected principle?
A half filled d? sub-shell and a full filled d�? sub-shell give additional stability to atoms of Chromium and Copper.
In terms of electron configuration, how do elements Sc-Zn form positive ions from their atoms?
They lose their 4s electrons before losing any of the 3d electrons.
How are Transition elements defined?
d-block elements that form at least one ion with a partially filled d-orbital.
Which d block elements are not transition elements?
Scandium and Zinc
Why are Scandium and Zinc not transition elements?
Scandium only forms the Sc�? ion by the loss of two 4s electrons and one 3d electron meaning it has an empty d-orbital.
Zinc only forms Zn�? ion by the loss of its two 4s electrons meaning it still has a full d-orbital.
Neither have partially filled d-orb
What are the properties of transition metals and their compounds?
- they form compounds in which the transition element has different oxidation states.
- they form coloured compounds.
- the elements and their compounds can act as catalysts.
Describe the variable oxidation sates of Transition metals?
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Describe
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