Huguenots
protestants who fought against the Roman Catholics in France
Edict of Nantes
granted limited toleration to protestants in France
King Louis XVI
1643- 1715 King of France, interested in colonies
Quebec
France's 1st permanent colony
Samuel de Champlain
soldier and explorer who led the Quebec exploration
Huron
Indian tribes that were helped by the French to defeat the Iroquois
New France
Canada- ruled directly by King
Coureurs de bois
French fur trappers- caught mostly beavers
Fur hunting
major industry- French fur trappers discovered many new places
Jesuits
worked to save the Indians and convert them to Christianity
Louisiana
found by Robert de la Salle- named in honor of Louis XIV
Robert de la Salle
explorer who found Louisiana- later killed by men when he couldn't find it again
New Orleans
fortified post that guarded France from the Gulf of Mexico- fur trade industry
King William's War
British colonists against French coureurs de bois- recruted Indians- guerrila warfare
Queen Anne's War
Similar to King William's war- the British won and recieved Nova Scotia and Hudson Bay
Deerfield Massacre
bloody massacre during King William's War
Treaty of Utrect
treaty that gave Britain Nova Scotia and Hudson Bay after Queen Anne's War
Nova Scotia
New Scotland" awarded in Treaty of Utrect
Salutary Neglect
time after the war and before the French and Indian War when Britain allowed the colonies to run themselves
War of Jenkins Ear
Between Britain and Spain- Carribean Sea and Georgia- ended with Louisbourg back to France
King George's War
war of Austrian Sucession- France allies with Spain- New Englanders invade New France
Ohio River Valley
area of contention between French and British- French and Indian War is started here
George Washington
sent to Ohio River Valley to fight the French, killed French leader- later had to surrender
Fort Duquesne
French fort- 1st George Washington fight- kills French leader
Fort Necessity
after a 10 hour siege on the fort, George Washington surrenders- defeated by French
Cajuns
French-speaking Acadians who were moved to Louisiana to protect Britain from being overthrown in the newly acquired Canadian territory- Roman Catholic
French and Indian War
started in Ohio Valley- against French for land- ended with the Peace Treaty of Paris (1763)- Britain gets Canada, and Louisiana, French get Sugar Islands
Seven Years' War
European version of French and Indian War- Britain and Prussia against France, Spain, Austria and Russia
Benjamin Franklin
leading spirit of the Albany Congress
Albany Congress
group of delegates from 7 of the 13 colonies- agreed on union through French and Indian War
Braddock
British general- tried to capture Fort Duquesne- failed because of slow, heavy equipment
William Pitt
British general- attacked Louisburg for 1st British victory- helped capture Quebec
James Wolfe
led British on Plains of Abraham (died)- Quebec surrenders
Plains of Abraham
place where the British and French faced each other in Battle of Quebec
Marquis de Montcalm
the French general during the battle of Quebec
Treaty of Paris
1763- French power is thrown off North America- Spain gives up Florida, Britain gets Canada, and Louisiana, French get Sugar Islands
Militia
name for an army or troops
Pontiac's Rebellion
Indian cheif who wanted to expel the British colonists out of the Ohio River Valley- failed, but led colonists to set up army on frontier
Proclamation of 1763
prohibited settlement in an area beyond the Appalachians- tried to stop Indian problem- colonists saw as it as way to oppress them