two answers
Which of the following is TRUE of Christopher Columbus?
a) he discovered the Americas
b) he was an Italian that sailed under the Spanish flag
c) had amicable relations with native tribes
d) introduced Europe to the Americas
b) he was an Italian that sailed under the Spanish flag
d) introduced Europe to the Americas
Christopher Columbus landed...
a) in North America
b) in South America
c) in Central America
d) in the Caribbean
d) in the Caribbean
The Chesapeake refers to which colonies?
a) northern
b) southern
c) middle
d) all of the colonies
b) southern
The New England colonies refers to which colonies?
a) northern
b) southern
c) middle
d) all of them because they were British!
a) northern
All of the following are TRUE of Jamestown, except....
a) founded in the Chesapeake
b) faced rough winters
c) has tense relations with native tribes
d) great area for agriculture
b) faced rough winters
Which is FALSE of Plymouth?
a) located in New England
b) Mayflower brought the Pilgrims to Plymouth
c) where the storied tale of Thanksgiving occurs
d) perfect conditions for agriculture
d) perfect conditions for agriculture
The American Revolution refers to...
a) the War for independence
b) When the north and south fought
c) war between the British and the French
d) when the British attacked and burned the white house
a) the War for Independence
Which of the following is NOT a cause of the American Revolution?
a) taxes
b) secession
c) french and indian war
d) mercantilism
b) secession
The Declaration of Independence...
a) declared the US a British colony
b) allowed the southern states to secede
c) begin the Mexican-American war
d) declared the US independent of British rule
d) declared the US independent of British rule
The first US government was...
a) the Declaration of Independence
b) the Articles of Confederation
c) the Treaty of Paris (1783)
d) the US Constitution
b) the Articles of Confederation
The purpose of the Constitutional Convention of 1787 was to...
a) Revise the Articles of Confederation
b) Write a new US Constitution
c) Declare independence from Britain
d) Declare Christianity as the official religion
a) Revise the Articles of Confederation
Which group supported the new US Constitution (1787)?
a) Anti-Federalists
b) Federalists
c) Democrats
d) Republicans
b) Federalists
What did the Anti-Federalists want to add to the new US Constitution (1787)?
a) Declaration of Independence
b) Bill of Rights
c) 3/5ths Compromise
d) Electoral College
b) Bill of Rights
Federalism is the idea that...
a) A strong government is necessary
b) Electoral Colleges is necessary
c) State and National government share power
d) State govs should have the control
c) State and National government share power
Manifest Destiny is the idea that the US should...
a) Expand from East to West coast
b) Learn the native tribal languages
c) Become an imperial nation
d) Start a Civil War
a) Expand from East to West coast
The War of 1812 is often referred to as...
a) Mexican-American War
b) Civil War
c) Spanish-American War
d) The Second War for Independence
d) The Second War for Independence
The 18th amendment was considered a success for which movement?
a) Temperance
b) Education
c) Slavery
d) Women's Rights
a) Temperance
Which was NOT a cause of the Civil War?
a) State's Rights & Expansion
b) Slavery
c) Washington's Election
d) Nullification
c) Washington's Election
two answers
The Missouri Compromise...
a) Established a line with slavery south and no slavery north
b) Established popular sovereignty in new territories
c) Kept the balance between slave and free states
d) Made slave trading illegal
a) Established a line with slavery south and no slavery north
c) Kept the balance between slave and free states
How did the population of slaves grow so much during the 1800s?
a) Slave Trade
b) Internal reproduction
c) Treatment improved
d) All of the above
b) Internal reproduction
Whose election in 1860 encouraged southern secession to begin?
a) Jefferson Davis
b) Abraham Lincoln
c) Teddy Roosevelt
d) Ulysses Grant
b) Abraham Lincoln
Which skirmish began the Civil War?
a) Fort Sumter
b) Bull Run/Manasas
c) Antietam
d) Gettysburg
a) Fort Sumter
This battle had the bloodiest DAY in US history.
a) Fort Sumter
b) Bull Run/Manasas
c) Antietam
d) Gettysburg
c) Antietam
This battle was the bloodiest BATTLE and marked the end of Lee's advance in the North.
a) Fort Sumter
b) Bull Run/Manasas
c) Antietam
d) Gettysburg
d) Gettysburg
The Emancipation Proclamation...
a) Freed the slaves
b) Freed the slaves in the North
c) Freed the slaves in the border states
d) Freed the slaves in the South
d) Freed the slaves in the South
The time period immediately following the Civil War is known as...
a) Reunification
b) Reconstruction
c) Industrial Revolution
d) Imperialism
b) Reconstruction
Which amendment gave African American men the right to vote?
a) 13th
b) 14th
c) 15th
d) 17th
c) 15th
Which amendment outlawed slavery?
a) 13th
b) 14th
c) 15th
d) 17th
a) 13th
Which group/org was formed to help the newly freed slaves?
a) Black Codes
b) Jim Crow United
c) Fugitive Slave Law
d) Freedmen's Bureau
d) Freedmen's Bureau
The reservation system applies to which group of people?
a) Immigrants
b) Industrial workers
c) Native tribes
d) Christopher Columbus
c) Native tribes
What name is given to the time period when the economy shifted from agriculture to industry?
a) Industrial Revolution
b) Reconstruction
c) Gilded Age
d) Communism
a) Industrial Revolution
Which technology most spurred the Industrial Revolution?
a) Lightbulb
b) Railroad
c) Automobile
d) Phonograph
b) Railroad
Which term BEST represents the idea that the government should keep its hands off the economy?
a) Capitalism
b) Laissez-Faire
c) Free Market
d) Free Enterprise
b) Laissez-Faire
more than two correct answers
Unions formed to...
a) Increase worker's pay
b) Better the working conditions
c) Reduce hours
d) Limit/end child labor
a) Increase worker's pay
b) Better the working conditions
c) Reduce hours
d) Limit/end child labor
labor unions
an organized association of workers, often in a trade or profession, formed to protect and further their rights and interests. fix their working conditions
two answers
The "new" or second wave of immigrants came from...
a) Western Europe
b) Southern and Eastern Europe
c) Asia
d) All of the above
b) Southern and Eastern Europe
c) Asia
At which immigration station would you expect to be helped and treated more kindly?
a) Ellis Island
b) Angel Island
a) Ellis Island
Nativism is the belief that...
a) Native tribes are superior
b) Native tribes should be pushed onto reservations
c) Immigration should increase
d) Native born Americans are superior
d) Native born Americans are superior
What were political machines trying to do?
a) Control local politics
b) Get better services for immigrants
c) Expand the transcontinental RR to Asia
d) Invent new machines to count ballots
a) Control local politics
Who was most likely a populist?
a) Industrial worker
b) Farmer
c) Business owner
d) Union organizer
b) Farmer
Populism/Populist Party
Populist party formed in 1892 by members of the Farmer's Alliance, this party was designed to appeal to workers in all parts of the country. Populists favored a larger role of government in American Society, a progressive income tax, and more direct metho
Muckrakers...
a) Wrote exaggerated news articles
b) Wrote biased material to sway opinion and behaviors
c) Exposed working conditions
d) All of the above
c) Exposed working conditions
Which is FALSE of the Spanish-American War?
a) Occurred due to the USS Maine's explosion
b) Was a long and bloody war due to new technology
c) Resulted in the accquistion of new land
d) Established the US as a world power
b) Was a long and bloody war due to new technology
Spanish-American War (1898)
The Maine mysteriously blew up in the Havana harbor from internal explosion. Yellow journalists like Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst sensationalistically influence public opinion in newspapers ("Remember the Maine, to Hell with Spain"). Americ
Yellow journalists wrote exaggerated news stories to...
a) Sway public opinion
b) Convince people to join the war effort
c) Provide the facts
d) Undermine reputable journalism
a) Sway public opinion
Who was the President during WWI?
a) Taft
b) Roosevelt
c) Wilson
d) Harding
c) Wilson
What event sparked the outbreak of WWI?
a) Alliances
b) Militarism
c) Nationalism
d) Assassination of Franz Ferdinand
d) Assassination of Franz Ferdinand
Alliances of WWI
Allies - Triple Entente: Russia, Britain, France, US (joins later)
Central Powers - Triple Alliance: Austria-Hungary, Germany, Italy (dropped out), Ottoman Empire (joins later)
militarism
A policy of glorifying military power and keeping a standing army always prepared for war
nationalism
A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country
The US banned spying and speaking out against the war during WWI.
a) True
b) False
a) True
Which amendment granted women the right to vote?
a) 14th
b) 15th
c) 18th
d) 19th
d) 19th
Which came first?
a) American Revolution
b) War of 1812
c) Civil War
d) Spanish-American War
a) American Revolution
order:
1 - am rev.
2 - War of 1812
3 - Civil War
4 - Spanish - am war
Which came first?
a) Manifest Destiny
b) US Imperialism
c) Spanish-American War
d) 19th Amendment
a) manifest destiny
order:
1 - manifest destiny
2 - US imperialism
3 - Spanish - am war
4 - 19th amendment
Which came first?
a) Argonne Forest
b) 9/11
c) Saratoga
d) Antietam
c) Saratoga
order:
1 - Saratoga
2 - Antietam
3 - Argonne forest
4 - 9/11
Which came first?
a) Treaty of Versailles
b) Declaration of Independence
c) French and Indian War
d) Treaty of Paris
c) French and Indian War
order:
1 - French and Indian war
2 - Treaty of Paris
3 - Declaration of Independence
4 - Treaty of Versailles
French and Indian War
(1754-1763) War fought in the colonies between the English and the French for possession of the Ohio Valley area. The English won.
Treaty of Paris 1783
This treaty ended the Revolutionary War, recognized the independence of the American colonies from Britain
- granted the colonies the territory from the southern border of Canada to the northern border of Florida, and from the Atlantic coast to the Missis
Which came first?
a) Alien and Sedition Acts
b) Jim Crow Laws
c) Reconstruction
d) Mexican-American War
d) Mexican-American War
order:
1 - Mex-am war
2 - Alien and Sedition Acts
3 - Reconstruction
4 - Jim Crow Laws
alien and sedition acts
These consist of four laws passed by the Federalist Congress and signed by President Adams in 1798: the Naturalization Act, which increased the waiting period for an immigrant to become a citizen from 5 to 14 years; the Alien Act, which empowered the pres
Mexican-American War
(1846-1848) The war between the United States and Mexico in which the United States acquired one half of the Mexican territory.
Saratoga
A battle that took place in New York where the Continental Army defeated the British. It proved to be the turning point of the American Revolution. This battle ultimately had France to openly support the colonies with military forces in addition to the su
Antietam 1862
Civil War battle in which 23,000 troops were killed or wounded in one day, Bloodiest Day of the war. Both sides claimed victory. Afterward Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation. Burnside Bridge.
M.A.N.I.A Causes of WWI
Militarism
Alliances
Nationalism
Imperialism
Assassination
trail of tears
The Cherokee Indians were forced to leave their lands. They traveled from North Carolina and Georgia through Tennessee, Kentucky, Illinois, Missouri, and Arkansas-more than 800 miles (1,287 km)-to the Indian Territory. More than 4, 00 Cherokees died of co
Jamestown
The first permanent English settlement in North America, found in East Virginia
The Chesapeake (southern) colonies
Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia
- mostly young & single white men wanting to get rich
-
yellow journalism
Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers
embargo
an official ban on trade or other commercial activity with a particular country.
Lusitania (1915)
passenger ship sunk by Germany to get US involved in WW1
Sedition Act of 1918
made it illegal for americans to speak disloyaly about the US government, constitution, or flag
Espionage Act of 1917
Prohibited any attempt to interfere with military operations, to support U.S. enemies during wartime, to promote insubordination in the military, or to interfere with military recruitment; upheld in
Schenck v. United States
.
Zimmerman note
1917 - Germany sent this to Mexico instructing an ambassador to convince Mexico to go to war with the U.S. It was intercepted and caused the U.S. to mobilized against Germany, which had proven it was hostile
USS Maine
Ship that explodes off the coast of Cuba in Havana harbor and helps contribute to the start of the Spanish-American War
President Woodrow Wilson
Progressive; issued banking reform with Federal Reserve Act; ended protective tariff (Underwood-Simmons) + legislation to end trusts (Clayton Anti-Trust Act/Federal Trade Commission); resegregation of federal government; moral diplomacy; president during
Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders
leader of First Volunteer Cavalry and his diverse group of volunteers, including cowboys, miners, policemen, and college athletes
Roosevelt Corollary
Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force
Monroe Doctrine
1823 - Declared that Europe should not interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere and that any attempt at interference by a European power would be seen as a threat to the U.S. It also declared that a New World colony which has gained independence
imperialism
A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.
The Great White Fleet
16 American battleships, painted white, sent around the world to display American naval power
Mayflower Compact (1620)
The Mayflower Compact, signed by 41 English colonists on the ship Mayflower on November 11, 1620, was an early step toward written frameworks of government in what is now the United States. The compact was drafted to prevent dissent among Puritans and non
Mayflower
the ship in which the Pilgrim Fathers sailed from England to Massachusetts in 1620
Causes of the American Revolution
-Proclamation of 1763
-Intolerable Acts (Coercive Acts)
-Stamp Act
-Mercantilism
-Lack of Representation in Parliament
-British economic policies
- "No taxation without representation
Articles of Confederation
1st Constitution of the U.S. 1781-1788 (weaknesses-no executive, no judicial, no power to tax, no power to regulate trade)
Constitutional Convention of 1787
Delegates met to revise the Articles of Confederation, but ultimately decided to write the Constitution as a replacement.
popular sovereignty
Rule by the people
anti-federalists
people who opposed the Constitution
federalists
supporters of the Constitution
federalism
A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments
Bill of Rights
First 10 amendments to the Constitution
George Washington
1st President of the United States; commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution (1732-1799)
Manifest Destiny (1840s and 1850s)
Belief that the United States was destined by God to spread its "empire of liberty" across North America. Served as a justification for mid-nineteenth-century expansionism.
War of 1812
A war (1812-1814) between the United States and England which was trying to interfere with American trade with France.
temperance movement
An organized campaign to eliminate alcohol consumption
women's rights movement
an organized effort to improve political, legal and economic status of women in American society
abolition movement
the campaign against slavery and the slave trade
education movement
movement to provide state-funded and free to the public education in elementary schools. Leader: Horace Mann
North/South differences before the war
transportation; education; cities; immigration; slavery
states' rights
the rights and powers held by individual US states rather than by the federal government.
nullification crisis of 1832
When southern states attempted to nullify the Tariff Act of 1832, Andrew Jackson punishes them
Missouri Compromise
Compromise of 1820" over the issue of slavery in Missouri. It was decided Missouri entered as a slave state and Maine entered as a free state and all states North of the 36th parallel were free states and all South were slave states.
Fugitive Slave Act
(1850) a law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves; allowed for the arrest of escaped slaves in areas where slavery was illegal and required their return to slaveholders
Kansas-Nebraska Act
1854 - Created Nebraska and Kansas as states and gave the people in those territories the right to chose to be a free or slave state through popular sovereignty.
slavery in the US
-The Dutch brough the first African slaves to Virginia in 1619 to work on plantations.
-From 1640 to1680, large numbers of slaves where brought to the Americas.
-with the invention of eli whitney;s cotton gin, cotton became the economic mainstay of the So
slave trade
The business of capturing, transporting, and selling people as slaves
Election of 1860 Candidates
- Republicans nominated Abraham Lincoln
- Northern Democrats nominated Stephan A. Douglas
- Southern Democrats John C. Breckenridge
- Constitutional Union (aka "Know-Nothings") nominated John Bell
election of 1860 outcome
Lincoln wins the election, South Carolina secedes, 7 states secede before Lincoln is sworn in, Civil War will soon begin, shows how North dominates electoral college
secession
the formal withdrawal of a state from the Union
Gettysburg
(AL) 1863 (meade and lee), July 1-3, 1863, turning point in war, Union victory, most deadly battle
Appomattox Court House
Famous as the site of the surrender of the Confederate Army under Robert E. Lee to Union commander Ulysses S. Grant 1865
total war
the channeling of a nation's entire resources into a war effort
confederacy
A loose union of independent states; name of government used by the southern states that seceded during the Civil War
border states
in the civil war the states between the north and the south: delaware, mayland, kentucky, and missouri
Emancipation Proclamation
Proclamation issued by Lincoln, freeing all slaves in areas still at war with the Union. 1862
reconstruction
the period after the Civil War in the United States when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union
black codes
laws passed in the south just after the civil war aimed at controlling freedmen and enabling plantation owners to exploit African American workers
13th amendment
abolished slavery
14th amendment
Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws
15th amendment
States cannot deny any person the right to vote because of race.
Freedmen's Bureau
Organization run by the army to care for and protect southern Blacks after the Civil War
Compromise of 1877
Ended Reconstruction.
Republicans promise;
1) Remove military from South
2) Appoint Democrat to cabinet (David Key postmaster general)
3) Federal money for railroad construction and levees on Mississippi river
Jim Crow Segregation
the legalized segregation barring african americans from public and social interaction with whites
reservation system
The system that allotted land with designated boundaries to Native American tribes in the west, beginning in the 1850s and ending with the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887. Within these reservations, most land was used communally, rather than owned individuall
Laissez-faire
a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without government interfering.
Transcontinental Railroad
Railroad connecting the west and east coasts of the continental US
conditions of industrial workers
- performed dull, repetitive tasks in dangerous, unhealthy working conditions
- breathed in dust, lint, and toxic fumes
- heavy machines lacking safety devices led to injuries
- dangerous child labor around fatal machines
Old" vs "New" Immigration
Old immigration came from Europe in the 1850s through the 1880s, where as the new immigration came from southern and eastern Europe & Asia (Italians, Croats, Slovaks, Greeks, Poles.)
Ellis Island
Immigration processing center that open in New York Harbor in 1892
- very kind and cleared most immigrants
Angel Island
The immigration station on the west coast where Asian immigrants, mostly Chinese gained admission to the U.S. at San Francisco Bay. Between 1910 and 1940 50k Chinese immigrants entered through Angel Island. Questioning and conditions at Angel Island were
melting pot
society in which people of different nationalities assimilate to form one culture
cultural pluralism
desire of a group to maintain some sense of identity separate from the dominant group
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
law that suspended Chinese immigration into America. The ban was supposed to last 10 years, but it was expanded several times and was essentially in effect until WWII. The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 was the first significant law that restricted immigra
Gentleman's Agreement with Japan
Theodore Roosevelt convinced San Francisco School Board to integrate their Asian students and in return Japan prohibit any more emigration to the US.
Ended by Immigration Act of 1924.
urbanization
Movement of people from rural areas to cities
tenements
Poorly built, overcrowded housing where many immigrants lived
- fire hazards
- full of disease & disfunctioning technology
Gilded Age
1870s - 1890s; time period looked good on the outside, despite the corrupt politics & growing gap between the rich & poor
social darwinism
The belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle.
settlement houses
institutions that provided educational and social services to poor people
progressivism
movement that responded to the pressures of industrialization and urbanization by promoting reforms
17th amendment
Direct election of senators
muckrakers
1906 - Journalists who searched for corruption in politics and big business
foreign policy
A nation's overall plan for dealing with other nations
mediation
intervention in a dispute in order to resolve it; arbitration.
Non-Aggression Pact
An agreement in which nations promise not to attack one another
why does the US join WW1?
MANIA
- militarism
- alliances
- nationalism
- imperialism
- assassination of Franz Ferdinand
victory gardens
a vegetable garden, especially a home garden, planted to increase food production during a war.
liberty & victory bonds
Sold to American people to raise money to cover the costs of war
Committee on Public Information (CPI)
government agency created during World War I to encourage Americans to support the war (created propaganda)
Selective Service System
an independent federal agency that administers compulsory military service
new tech in WW1
machine guns, tank, poison gas, submarine, sanitary napkins, airplanes
Battle of Argonne Forest
On September 26, 1918, more than one million American soldiers pushed into the forest, making it the final Allied offensive. At first, the Americans advanced despite heavy German fire, and after 47 days, they broke through the German offensive and won the
Wilson's Fourteen Points
President Wilson's Peace proposal in 1918 stressed national self-determination and the rights of the small countries. Freedom of the seas and free trade. Clemenceau said, "God only had ten.
Treaty of Versailles
Treaty particularly known for its harsh reparations towards the Germans after World War I.
19th Amendment (1920)
Gave women the right to vote