pre-ch. 5 Study Guide

The Great awakening (& its effect on colonial thinking)

- religious movement that swept through the colonies in the 1730's and 1740's
-encouraged ideas of equality; english colonist began to think for themselves and questions or challenge authority

environment

-A movement that emphasized the use of reason & the scientific method to obtain knowledge
-enlightenment thinkers applied the idea of natural law to human society

John Locke

English philosopher who argued that people have natural rights to life liberty & property.

Charles-Louis baron de Montesquieu

-french thinker who proposed a government with three branches, each keeping the power of the others in check

magna carta

-in 1215 , english noblemen used this as the first step to limit the power or the king
-it guaranteed rights to noblemen & freemen 9king couldn't seize them without their agreement, or put them on trial without witnesses to the crime, & there were guarant

Parliament

-England's main lawmaking body, made
up of 2 houses:
*House of Commons
(members were elected by the
people)
*House of Lords
(members are non elected
nobles, judges, & church officials)
- parliament made laws that affected the colonies

England's Glorious Revolution

-1688, Parliament overthrew King James for not respecting its rights
-offered James' daughter, Mary, & and her husband, William of Orange

English Bill of Rights

-1689, William and Mary agreed to this document which established the principle that government should be based on laws & not on the whims of a ruler
-king or queen couldn't impose taxes without free elections and frequent meetings of parliament
-people c

Salutary Neglect

-English policy of interfering very little in colonial affairs during first half of the 1700s

Albany Plan of Union

-Benjamin Franklin proposed this first formal plan of uniting the colonies during the french and indian war

*treaty of paris 1763

-officially ended the french & indian war and all french colonization in North America

Proclamation of 1763

-Pontiacs Uprising (conflict between colonist & Native Americans) led to this proclamation
-it forbade the English colonist from setting on lands west of the Appalachian Mountains
-this angered the colonists who wanted to settle in the Ohio River Valley