mercantilism
theory that countries should acquire gold and focus on exporting goods and owning colonies; establishing favorable balance of trade
parliament
the lawmaking body of England
navigation acts
laws passed by the British to control colonial trade
dominion of New England
a huge colony formed by the King of England, which included land from southern Maine to New Jersey
Sir Edmond Andros
Gov appointed by the King of England to govern over the dominion of New England
Glorious Revolution
William and Mary rule England after James II is overthrown (peacefully)
salutary neglect
an English policy of not strictly enforcing laws in its colonies
cash crop
a crop grown for sale rather than just for the farmer's consumption
slave
person who is considered the property of another
triangular trade
the pattern of shipping trade across the Atlantic, between Africa, Europe, and the US/Caribbean
middle passage
the voyage that brought slaves to America
Stono Rebellion
a 1739 slave rebellion in Charleston, South Carolina
Enlightenment
intellectual movement that started in Europe; leads to questioning authority and emphasis on scientific investigation
Benjamin Franklin
Philadelphia inventor, writer, and political leader (Enlightenment)
Jonathan Edwards
forceful preacher in Great Awakening
Great Awakening
religious revival movement in the colonies
New France
French colony in North America
George Washington
led Virginia troops in first battle of French and Indian War
French and Indian War
War that gave the British control of North America
William Pitt
British leader in Parliament for French and Indian War; engineered alliance with Native Americans for Britain/Colonies
Pontiac
Native American leader who fought British, led revolt following French and Indian War
Proclamation of 1763
law limiting area of English settlement in North America (generally follows Appalachian Mountains)
George Greenville
Financial Expert who was appointed Prime Minister of Britain in 1763, wants to reduce smuggling to increase money flowing to Britain
Sugar Act
law passed by Parliament to try and raise money to pay for French and Indian War, smugglers tried by admiralty courts