Who was involved in the French and Indian War (1754-63)?
English, British, Iroquois vs. French, Algonquin and Huron
treaty of paris 1763
Ended the French and Indian War and effectively kicked the French out of North America
When was Pontiac's War?
1763-1766
who was involved in Pontiac's rebellion?
Ottawa, Ojibwa, Shawnee, Miami, Huron, Seneca and Potawatomis rebelling against European settlements (forts)
Boston Massacre (1770)
British fired into a crowd of protesting colonists
Boston Tea Party (1773)
sons of liberty disguised as native americans threw tea off of ships to protest the british actions
Coercive (intolerable) Acts
series of laws intended to make Massachusetts pay for its resistance. also suspended the Boston Harbors. Also increased quartering act.
Common sense
1776: a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that claimed the colonies had a right to be an independent democratic republic
Declaration of Independence
1776 statement, written mainly by Jefferson, Franklin, and Adams; issued by the Second Continental Congress, explaining why the colonies wanted independence from Britain.
Influences of Declaration of Independence
John Locke (governments were formed to protect the rights of life, liberty, and property, later changed to life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness), Virginia Declaration of Rights
3 parts of the Declaration of Independence
Preamble, List of Grievances, Declaration
Battle of Long Island (1776)
washington juked british and fled into brooklyn and out of NYC
Crossing the Delaware (Dec 1776)
Washington secretly led his troops across the Delaware River to launch a surprise attack on the german troops guarding Trenton and took most of them prisoner.
Battle of Saratoga (Oct 1777)
Considered to be the turning point of the American Revolution in Upstate NY. France influenced to openly support the colonies with military forces in addition to the supplies and money already being sent.
Valley Forge (1777-1778)
PA. camp where George Washington's poorly equipped and stationed army spent a wretched winter. caused by a lack of stable supplies and munitions.
Battle of Yorktown (1781)
decisive victory by continental army and French forces led by General Rochambeau over the British Army commanded by General Cornwallis. Last major battle, as the surrender of Cornwallis' army prompted the British government to negotiate an end to the conf
Help from overseas
Von Stuben- trained
Lafayette- trained, convinced French to ally with colonists
Polaski- cavalry
Kosciusko- forts
Treaty of Paris 1783
Ended the Revolutionary War, recognized the independence of the colonies, granted states' land
Articles of Confederation (1781)
1st Constitution of the U.S. (weaknesses-no executive nor judicial, no power to tax, no power to regulate trade, basically just established a senate)
Constitutional Convention (1787)
Delegates met in PA to revise the Articles of Confederation, but ultimately decided to write the Constitution as a replacement.
VA plan
bicameral legislative comprised of representatives based on population, executive, and judicial, written by madison
NJ Plan
unicameral legislature comprised of an equal number of representatives, work of patterson and others, limited central govt
Connecticut Plan (the Great Compromise)
strong central govt, compromise of NJ and VA plan
1st Amendment
freedom of expression
2nd Amendment
freedom of defense
3rd Amendment
No quartering of soldiers
4th amendment
search and seizure
5th Amendment
The Right to Remain Silent, no Double Jeopardy, right to due process
6th amendment
Right to a fair, speedy trial
7th amendment
Right to jury in civil trials.
8th Amendment
No cruel or unusual punishment
9th Amendment
Citizens entitled to rights not listed in the Constitution
10th Amendment
Powers Reserved to the States