The unequal access of males and females to property, power, and prestige is referred to as
gender stratification
_____ refers to the biological characteristics that distinguish females and males.
Sex
The behaviors and attitudes that a society considers proper for its males and females are known as
gender
A vagina, penis, and other organs related to reproduction make up the
primary sex characteristics
What is the origin of patriarchy, according one theory?
Human reproduction
In societies such as Afghanistan, India, and Jordan, a woman thought to have brought disgrace on her family may be
killed by a male relative in a so-called "honor killing.
Which statement about female circumcision is true?
Men dominate the societies that practice it.
The philosophy that men and women should be politically, economically, and socially equal is
called feminism.
The author's "testosterone bonus" states that on average, employers start men out at _____ salaries than women, and _____ catch up
higher; women never
The abuse of one's position of authority to force unwanted sexual demands on someone is known as
sexual harassment.
Today, _____ can be found guilty of sexual harassment.
both men and women
Most rape victims are aged
16 to 19.
To give an idea of the scope of date rape, approximately _____ college women were victims of sexual assault within the past six months.
250,000
Female voters _____ male voters.
greatly outnumber
_____ is the number of years that an average person (including newborns) can expect to live.
Life expectancy
_____ eroded traditional bases of respect for the elderly.
Industrialization
Ageism
can be directed toward any age group, including youth.
The theory of gerotranscendence maintains that as people age,
they become less self-centered and begin to feel more at one with the universe.
A(n) _____ is made up of people born at roughly the same time who pass through the life course together.
age cohort
_____ theory maintains that society is stabilized by having the elderly retire from their positions of responsibility so that the younger generation can step into their shoes.
Disengagement
In the United States from 1967 to the present, poverty among children _____, and poverty among the elderly _____.
increased; decreased
_____ is the view that old age is a time for personal development, greater creativity, and learning new skills and outlooks on life.
Creative aging
In a patriarchy, who has the authority?
Men
A focus on the least industrialized nations is characteristic of _____ feminism.
the third way of
_____ is a form of marriage in which women have more than one husband.
Polyandry
Two or more people who consider themselves related by blood, marriage, or adoption make up a
family.
What kind of family consists of husband, wife, and children?
Nuclear family
The family in which a person grows up is a(n)
family of orientation
Which statement about same-sex marriage is true?
Native Americans had same-sex marriages already when Columbus arrived.
A group's approved mating arrangements, usually marked by a ritual of some sort, is called
a marriage
The norms of _____ specify that people must marry outside of their own group.
exogamy
The _____ prohibits sex and marriage among designated relatives.
incest taboo
Marion, 10 years old, knew that she was related to the relatives on her mother's side of the family, and also the relatives on her father's side of the family. This _____ system is the usual model in the United States.
bilineal
Authority is held by males in a(n) _____ society.
patriarchal
According to a study, wives make more the decisions than husbands in _____ of households, husbands make more decisions than wives in _____ of households, and _____ of couples divide decisions equally.
43%; 26%; 31%
Parents are actually spending more time with the children today than in the last 40 years, and the main way parents have found the extra time is by
visiting less with friends and relatives.
A typical lie made by potential mates on an online dating site is
men saying they are taller than they are.
People in which of the following groups are likely to live the longest?
Married and stayed married
A dramatic shift in what Americans perceived to be the ideal family size occurred in the
1970s
Due to time pressures on parents, _____ has (have) become a parental substitute.
Uber
Which statement about machismo is true?
It decreases with each generation in the United States.
Most sociologists see Asian Americans as
coming from a variety of cultures.
In Native American families,
family life differs by social class.
The risk of divorce is decreased among couples
affiliated with a religion.
Children adjust better to divorce if
they have a second adult to count on for support.
According to domestic violence research by Straus (2011),
wives attack their husbands as often as husbands attack their wives.
The proposed term "intimacy rape" would apply to
heterosexual and homosexual relationships.