The Judicial Branch

article 3

The article in which the judicial branch is found in the constitution

shortest

The length of article 3 compared to the articles of the other branches

Supreme Court

article 3 establishes only this court in which the judicial power of the United States is vested

life

how long judges serve if they have "good behavior

diminished

salary for judges cannot be... During their service

congress

... Can establish all courts smaller than the Supreme Court

Federal Court System

court system that deals with disputes about laws that apply to the entire United States, United States Constitution or between citizens of different states

state court system

court system that deals with disputes about state laws

civil cases

cases relating to the rights of citizens

criminal cases

cases relating to crime

trial court

The first court to hear a case, the beginning

district court

The name of federal trial court

evidence

what law years used to try and prove their client side of the story is what really happened (ex. witnesses, videos, photos, letters, murder weapons, etc.)

jury trial

A group of 12 people who listen to the evidence in the side who wins the case

bench trial

trial in which there is no jury, only a judge gives the verdict

appellate court

The court about the trial court

mistake

A case only goes to the appellate court when one side believes that a... took place during the trial court

appeal

ask an appellate court to review a case

no

does the appellate court have a jury?

3

The appellate court has a... judge panel

affirm

when the appellate court lets the trial court's decision stand

reverse

when the appellate court changes the trial court's decision

remand

when the appellate court sends the case back to the trial court to start over

Supreme Court

The court above appellate court

9

The number of justices in the federal Supreme Court

Judicial Review

The power of the Supreme Court to decide if the federal or state law is in violation with United States Constitution and can overturn the law

Marbury vs. Madison

from what Supreme Court case did judicial review come from?

circuits

The regions in which the United States federal Court of Appeals are divided

11

there are... federal circuits

4th

in which circuit is North Carolina?

1

there is at least... Court of Appeals in each circuit

Washington D.C.

where the Supreme Court is

Have Court, Won't Travel

supreme Court motto

Certiorari

supreme Court's power to choose which cases it wants to hear

circuit split

whentwo circuits make very different decisions on the same issue

Supreme Court

... Will often hear a case to resolve the difference when there is a circuit split

4th

what amendment did the school violate in the Savannah Redding Supreme Court case

1st

in the Tinker vs. Des Moines Supreme Court Case, what amendment was violated