Due process
Fair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially citizen entitlement.
Procedural due process
requires government officials to follow fair procedures before depriving a person of life, liberty, or property.
Substantive due process
principle that allows courts to protect certain rights deemed fundamental from government interference
Police power
is the capacity of the states to regulate behavior and enforce order within their territory for the betterment of the health, safety, morals, and general welfare of their inhabitants.
Jim Crow laws
were state and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States. Enacted after the Reconstruction period, these laws continued in force until 1965.
Exclusionary rules
a law that prohibits the use of illegally obtained evidence in a criminal trial.
Treason
the crime of betraying one's country, especially by attempting to kill the sovereign or overthrow the government.
Writ of habeas corpus
is a court order to a person (prison warden) or agency (institution) holding someone in custody to deliver the imprisoned individual to the court issuing the order.
States with death penalty
31
States without death penalty
19
Good faith clause
The court will allow the warrant if there's a small error on it.
Probable cause
Reasonable grounds
How many people have been executed since 1976?
1429
Ex post facto law
changes the legal consequences (or status) of actions that were committed, or relationships that existed, before the enactment of the law.
Grand jury
The formal device by which a person can be accused of a serious crime.
Bill of attainder
Legislation
Criminal court case
Court case where a person broke a law
Preventive detention
Law that allows federal judges to order accused felons to be held without bail if there is a danger that the person will commit another crime if released.
National trend on death penalty?
Is to end it
Civil court case
Court case between two people and they are disputing back and forth
Bail
A sum of money that the accused may be required to deposit with the court as a guarantee that he/she will appear in court.
Speedy act trial of 1974
Requires that the beginning of a persons federal criminal trial must take place no more than 100 days after the arrest.
Unanimous jury
...
Bench trial
...
Impartial jury
...
Griswold V. Connecticut,1965
Ruled that the constitution protected a right to privacy
Stanley V. Georgia, 1969
Helped to establish an implied "right to privacy" in U.S. law, in the form of mere possession of obscene materials.
Roe V. Wade, 1973
Issue on abortion
Plessy V. Ferguson, 1896
decision upholding the constitutionality of state laws requiring racial segregation in public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal". Wikipedia
Jones V. Mayer, 1968
White man wouldn't sell his house to the black man.
Mapp V. Ohio, 1961
Unreasonable searches and seizures
Miranda V. Arizona, 1966
People have to be informed of their Miranda rights
Klopher V. North Carolina, 1967
Right of a speedy trial
Gideon V. Weinwright, 1963
Provide counsel in criminal cases to represent defendants who are unable to afford to pay their own attorneys.
Escobedo V. Illinois, 1987
case holding that criminal suspects have a right to counsel during police interrogations under the Sixth Amendment
United States V. Solemo, 1987
permitted the federal courts to detain an arrestee prior to trial if the government could prove that the individual was potentially dangerous to other people in the community
Estelle V. Gamble, 1976
standard of what a prisoner must plead in order to claim a violation of Eighth Amendment rights under 42 U.S.C. � 1983.
Furman V. Georgia, 1972
United States Supreme Court decision that ruled on the requirement for a degree of consistency in the application of the death penalty.
Barron V. Baltimore, 1833
a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which helped define the concept of Federalism in the United States in U.S. constitutional law.
1st amendment
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise
2nd amendment
Protects the right of each state to form and keep a militia.
3rd amendment
Government cannot allow troops to commandeer private homes.
4th amendment
To search a premise a warrant must be obtained on a reasonable suspicion of a crime.
5th amendment
Declares no person can be "compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself.
6th amendment
guarantees the rights of criminal defendants, including the right to a public trial without unnecessary delay,
7th amendment
All civil law court cases involving at least $20 in value- the accused is guaranteed to have the right to request a jury trial.
8th amendment
Protects us against cruel and unusual punishment
9th amendment
addresses rights, retained by the people, that are not specifically enumerated in the Constitution. It is part of the Bill of Rights.
10th amendment
says that the federal government has only those powers specifically granted by the Constitution.
13th amendment
abolished slavery in the United States
14th amendment
addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws,
Only crime in the constitution
Treason