imperialism
the extension of a nation's power over other lands
European states sought nothing less than ________________ over vast territories
direct control
What did France do to stop British moves into Vietnam
they decided to force the Vietnamese to accept French protection
After the French conquest of Indochina, what was Thailand?
the only remaining free state
What did colonial policy stress?
the export of raw materials
Why were efforts made in the early 1800's
to colonize and/or modernize Egypt
Where did European presence grow most rapidly?
the south
What did the British East India Company do with their power
transfer it to the British government
What would Queen Victoria become?
the empress of India
How much of India remained illiterate?
90%
What is the INC
the Indian National Congress
Why/when was the INC formed?
to share in the Indian governing process; 1885
What was Gandhi aware of?
racial discrimination
What type of movement did Gandhi start?
a non-violence resistance movement
What did Gandhi want?
aid and independence for the poor
What was beginning to influence Latin America?
political ideals stemming from the revolution in North America
what happened when Napoleon overthrew the monarchies of Spain and Portugal
the authority of the Spaniards and Portuguese was weakened
What did Mexico become in 1823?
a republic
What was one result of the Spanish-American war?
Cuba became a US protectorate
When was the Panama Canal built?
between 1899 and 1914
How long did the US control the Panama Canal?
from 1914 until 1999
what is a protectorate
a political unit that depends on another government for protection
what is indirect rule
local rulers are allowed to maintain their positions of authority
what is direct rule
local elites are removed from power and replaced by a new set of officials
George Dewey
defeated the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay
what does annex mean
incorporated in a country within a state
What are the ways the French system of direct rule included Africans?
they could run for public office; and it allowed natives to be on French National Assembly
what is a viceroy
a governor who ruled as a representativeof a monarch
Queen Victoria
Empress of India in 1876
creole
descendants of Europeans that were born in Latin America
Peninsulare
Spanish and Portuguese officials
Monroe Doctrine
guaranteed the independence of new Latin American Nations
Santa Anna
ruled Mexico from 1833 to 1855 (during the Spanish-American war)