What is appropriate for field anesthesia in the horse?
kneel on the neck when the horse is recovering
What drug has a duration of action >6hrs and may be given orally to cats?
buprenorphine
What is the preferred route of administration for bupivicaine?
SQ infiltration near nerve
Which drug is used in equine anesthetic protocols to improve muscle relaxation?
guafenesin
What may be added to lidocaine to minimize tissue irritation?
sodium bicarbonate
Recovery from the effects of a local anesthetic is primarily due to:
diffusion of drug from site into circulation
This drug may be administered transdermally through a patch.
fentanyl
A patient yelps and withdraws when you clean the area immediately surrounding the bite wound. This is an example of:
primary hyperalgesia
What is a potential complication of NSAIDs?
renal toxicity
A cow has been given an epidural with 2% lidocaine. What could be true?
-the cow may move suddenly
-the cow may be unable to stand on rear legs
-the cow may become hypotensive
Lidocaine with epinephrine should NOT be used for:
a ring block for onychectomy
What provides the most objective assessment of patient pain?
Numeric Assessment Form
Which drug is a pure opioid agonist?
fentanyl
Which drug is MOST likely to cause dysphoria in a horse?
morphine
Which block could be used to provide local anesthesia for an incision in the flank of a cow?
paravertebral block
Local anesthetics:
block Na gates
Which drugs are commonly used in dogs as oral medications for management of chronic pain?
carprofen and tramadol
Pain is modulated:
in the spinal cord
In the horse, blood gases may be used instead of:
ETCO2
What is the preferred method of blood pressure measurement in the horse?
direct
What describes the best approach to inducing general anesthesia in the horse?
administer induction agent IV, giving full dose as a rapid bolus; horse quickly drops to the ground
Which drug is LEAST likely to be used as a part of a standing restraint protocol in the horse?
non-barbiturate anesthetic
Which monitoring parameter is NOT observed during field anesthesia?
MAP
The injection site for an epidural in the dog is:
the lumbosacral joint
NSAIDs act by inhibiting:
prostaglandin synthesis
What are terms used to describe or classify pain?
-chronic
-visceral
-breakthrough
Which block would NOT block pain associated with navicular disease?
fetlock block
What may be used to facilitate safe recovery from anesthesia in the horse?
-rope and pulley system
-tranquilizers
-nasoendotracheal oxygen
You have administered xylazine to a horse. Which clinical sign would indicate the drug has taken effect as desired?
horse drops head between knees
What agent should NOT be used in an epidural?
butorphanol
What procedure is required before inhalation anesthesia, but not before field anesthesia?
flush mouth with water
When using the hanging drop technique to place the epidural needle:
the drop is drawn into the needle after in passes through the ligamentum flavum
This drug has both anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic effects.
flunixin meglumine
What is true of endotracheal intubation in the horse?
the neck should be extended
Which drug may cause ileus in the horse?
glycopyrolate
What is required for a Biers block?
tourniquet
Heart rate in the horse ____ beats per minute.
34
Temp in the dog ____ F
99
Respiratory rate in the cat ___ breaths per minute
14
SPO2 in he dog ___%
96
MAP in the horse ____ mm Hg
78
NSAID
meloxicam
local anesthetic
mepivicaine
weak opioid agonist
tramadol
alpha 2 antagonist
atipamezole
dissociative agent
tiletamine