What plane of motion is flexion-extension in?
sagittal
What axis of rotation is flexion-extension in?
medial-lateral
What plane of motion is abduction-adduction in?
frontal
What axis of rotation is abduction-adduction in?
anterior-posterior
What plane of motion is internal-external rotation in?
longitudinal (vertical)
What axis of rotation is internal-external rotation in?
Horizontal
Which member of a joint does the axis of rotation pierce? (Convex or concave)
Usually convex member
What must happen to the length of an extensor muscle of the shoulder as a flexor muscle (the agonist) contracts?
The extensor muscle should lengthen as the flexor muscle contracts (shortens)
What is the consequence of a muscle that can't be elongated? When would this occur naturally, or under pathologic conditions?
One consequence may be that the amount of available motion to a joint may decrease, resulting in less degrees of motion measured. Naturally, this may ccur with the aging process as we lose stregth. Patholocigally, with any muscular injury there may be a d
See numbers 2 & 3 in part 1
Go!
Exaplain why horizontal plane motions (of either internal or external rotation) are typically not considered a prime action of the long head of the biceps
because the muscle is aligned parallel to the axis of rotation, therefore unable to produce torque
Justify why the subscapularis muscle is typically considered a primary muscle for horizontal plane motion
It is usually considered a primary muscle for internal rotation, a horizontal plane motion. For IR, the axis of rotation is vertical and there is an internal moment arm that will create a torque
Muscle is ____ or producing a torque if the force either pierces or parallels the associated axis of rotated.
incapable
Muscle is incapable or producing a torque if the force either pierces or parallels the associated axis of rotated. How does this apply to the long head of the bicepts?
There would be no moment arm for the biceps for horizontal plane motions
Which muscle group would likely experience a greater stretch (elongation) following a passive movement into full hip abduction?
adductor muscles
Deep squat to standing position=
seated position to straigten out leg in seated=
proximal on distal
distal on proximal
What do the 2 movements in the last question have in common?
Agonist=quads (with dif muscle activation)
Which of the 2 movements in the last question have greater interjoint cooperation?
Proximal on distal-deep squat
Name an activity that requires proximal on distal at one joint on the right side of the body and distal on proximal on the left
walking
Describe the physiologic or mechanical benefit from the combined roll and slide at the glenohumeral joint
Mechanically, maintains proper orientation of articular surfaces, prevents abnormal or aberrent motions with movements and precents injury to connective tissues with movements
What tissues control (initate, guide, terminate) arthrokinematics
Connective Tissues: joint capsule, muscles, tendons, ligaments, bony configuration, bursa, etc