The superior and middle nasal concha are found on what bone?
- ethmoid bone
What is the roof of the nasal cavity?
- nasal bone
- cribiform plate of ethmoid bone
- sphenoid bone
What is the floor of the nasal cavity?
- palatine process of maxilla
- horizontal plate of palatine bone
What is the medial wall of the nasal cavity?
- nasal septum
What is the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?
- maxilla
- lacrimal bone
- ethmoid bone
- superior, middle and inferior nasal conchae
- perpendicular plate of the palatine bone
What are the three parts of the nasal septum?
-septal cartilage
- perpendicular plate of the ethmoid
- vomer
What two nerves and artery run together in the mucosa of the nasal septum thru sphenopalatine foramen?
- nasopalatine nerve
- sphenopalatine artery
- posterior superior lateral nasal branch of maxillary nerve
What opening is found in the inferior meatus>
nasolacrimal duct
What opening is found in the middle meatus?
semilunar hiatus
What is the ethmoidal bulla? What opening is found there?
- posterior to the semilunar hiatus
- opening of the middle ethmoidal cells
What are the openings of the semilunar hiatus?
- opening of frontal sinus
- of anterior ethmoidal cells
- of the maxillary sinus
- ethmoidal infundibulum
What opening is found on the superior meatus?
- posterior ethmoidal cells
What lies directly inferior to the hypophyseal fossa and pituitary gland>
- sphenoidal sinus
Where are the ethmoidal cells located
- between the nasal cavity and the orbit
What is the roof of the maxillary sinus?
- the floor of the orbit
What is the floor of the maxillary sinus?
- alveolar process of the maxilla
What innervates the maxillary sinus mucosa?
- infraorbital nerve (CNV2)
- posterior superior alveolar nerve (CNV2)
What bones correspond to the superior portion of the external nose?
- nasal bones, frontal process of maxilla, nasal portion of frontal bone
What are the cartilages that make of the inferior portion of the external nose?
inferiorly: major and minor alar cartilages
superiorly: lateral process of septal cartilage
What innervates the frontal sinus?
- supraorbital nerve (CNV1)
What innervates the ethmoidal air cells?
- ethmoidal branches of the nasociliary nerve (CNV1)
What is the largest of the paranasal sinuses?
- maxillary sinus
What innervates the sphenoidal sinus?
- posterior ethmoidal nerve (CNV1)
What is the opening of the sphenoethmoidal recess?
- sphenoid sinus
What branches of the ECA supply the nasal cavity?
- sphenopalatine artery (maxillary)
- greater palatine artery (maxillary)
- superior labial artery (facial)
- lateral nasal artery (facial)
What are the branches of the sphenopalatine artery?
- posterior lateral nasal branches
- posterior septal branches
What does the sphenopalatine artery supply
- lateral and medial wall
- largest vessel supplying nasal cavity
- enters through sphenopalatine foramen
What does the greater palatine artery supply?
- hard palate
- anterior septum and floor
What does the superior labial artery supply?
- lip
- anterior nasal septum
What does lateral nasal artery supply?
- external nose
- alar branch around the lateral edge of the nares to supply nasal vestibule
What branches of the ICA supply the nasal cavity
- anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries (opthalmic)
--> external nasal branch
What do the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries supply?
- ethmoidal air cells
- medial and lateral nasal walls
- posterior and superior roof of nasal cavity
Which artery is most commonly the cause of a posterior nose bleed?
- sphenopalatine artery
What nerve is responsible for olfaction
olfactory nerve
What are the anterior and posterior ethmoidal nerves for
- branches from opthalmic nerve
- supply the ethmoidal air cells
- sensory innervation to medial and lateral walls of the anterior nasal cavity
What is the external nasal nerve for?
- branch of anterior ethmoidal nerve
- supplies sensory to tip of external nose
What are the posterior superior and inferior lateral nasal nerves for?
- branches of maxillary nerve
- for their respective parts of the walls general sensory
What is the nasopalatine nerve for?
- branch of maxillary nerve
- sensation from the posterior and inferior septal wall then courses through incisive canal to roof of oral cavity
What is the parasympathetic innervation of the nasal cavity
- greater petrosal nerve (preganglionic fibers synapse in the pterygopalatine ganglion)
What is the sympathetic innervation of the nasal cavity?
- deep petrosal nerve
What is the anterior wall of the pterygopalatine fossa?
posterior surface of the maxilla
What is the medial wall of the pterygopalatine fossa?
lateral surface of the palatine bone
What is the posterior wall and roof of the pterygopalatine fossa?
anterosuperior surface of the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone
How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the middle cranial fossa?
foramen rotundum and pterygoid canal
How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the nasopharynx?
palatovaginal canal
How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the roof of the oral cavity?
palatine canal
How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?
sphenopalatine foramen
How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the infratemporal fossa?
pterygomaxillary fissure
How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the orbit?
inferior orbital fissure
How does the third part of the maxillary artery lay in regards to the lateral pterygoid muscle?
anterior to the muscle
WHat does the posterior superior alveolar artery supply?
- branch of maxillary
- molar and premolar teeth
- gums
- maxillary sinus
What does the infraorbital artery supply? WHat branch does it have?
- branch of maxillary
- contents of inferior orbit and the face in the area of the infraorbital foramen
- has the anterior superior alveolar artery --> supplies incisor and canine teeth and part of maxillary sinus
What does the descending palatine artery supply?
- branches of maxillary
- descending branch: becomes greater palatine artery to supply hard palate
- ascending branch: becomes lesser palatine artery to supply soft palate
What does the artery of the pterygoid canal supply?
- branch of maxillary
- nasopharynx, auditory tube, sphenoidal sinus and tympanic cavity
What does the pharyngeal branch of the maxillary artery supply?
- supply part of auditory tube, nasopharynx and sphenoid sinus
- passes through palatovaginal canal
What does the zygomatic nerve supply?
- passes through inferior orbital fissure
- divides into zygomaticotemporal and zygomaticofacial branches
What does the posterior superior alveolar nerve supply?
- leaves through foramen midway between last molar tooth and inferior orbital fissure
- innervates molar maxillary teeth and adjacent gums
What do the pterygopalatine ganglionic branches supply?
general sensory+parasympathetic postganglionic fibers+sympathetic postganglionic axons=leaves the fossa as four sets of nerves:
- greater palatine, nasal, pharyngeal and orbital
the middle and anterior superior alveolar nerves originate from where?
- the infraorbital nerve