matter
Anything that has mass and occupies space is defined as ________
elements
The basic building blocks of all substances are the ______
118
The number of elements known today is ______
periodic
An arrangement of elements by similar chemical properties is accomplished in the ______ table
atom
An _____ is the smallest particle of an element that can exist
compound
Substances composed of two or more elements are called ______
molecule
A ______ is the smalles unit of a compound formed by the union of two or more atoms
solid
The physical state that retains a definite shape and volume is a __________
has no
A gas (has, has no) definite shape or volume.
sublimation
During the process of ________, solids go directly to the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state
less
The attraction forces between the molecules of a liquid are (more, less) thatn those in a solid
substances
Different ______ are seperated by definite visible boundaries
organic
Carbon-containing substances are classified as _____.
inorganic
______ substances encompass all non-carbon-containing materials.
qualitative; quantitative
A ______ analysis describes the identity of a material, and a ______ analysis relates to a determination of the quantity of a substance.
spectrophotometry
The study of the absorption of light by chemical substances is known as _______.
chromatography
A mixture's components can be separated by the technique of _______.
true
True or False: Henry's law describes the distribution of a volatile chemical compound between its liquid and gas phases.
higher
The (higher, lower) the solubility of a gas in a liquid, the greater its tendency to remain dissolved in that liquid
true
True of False: In order for chromatography to occur, one phase must move continuously in one direction over a stationary phase.
gas chromatography
A technique that separates mixtures on the basis of their distribution between a stationary liquid phase and a moving gas phase is _______
retention time
The time required for a substance to travel through the gas chromatographic column is a useful identifying characteristic known as ______
pyrolyzed
Solid materials that are not readily dissolved in solvents for injection into the gas chromatograph can be ______ into numerous gaseous products prior to entering the gas chromatograph
room
A major advantage of high-performance liquid chromatography is that the entire process takes place at ______ temperature
thin-layer chromatography
A technique that uses a moving liquid phase and a stationary solid phase to separate mixtures is _____
visualized
Because most chemical compounds are colorless, the final step of the thin-layer development usually requires that they be _____ by spraying with a chemical reagent
Rf
The distance a spot has traveled up a thin-layer plate can be assigned a numerical value known as the _____ value.
false
True of False: Thin-layer chromatography yields the positive identification of a materia.
electrophoresis
The migration of materials along a stationary phase under the influence of an electrical potential describes the technique of ______
true
True or False: Color is a usual indication that substances selectively absorb light.
wavelength
The distnace between two successive identical points on a wave is known as _____
false
True or False: Frequency and wavelength are directly proportional to one another
electromagnetic
Light, X-rays, and radio waves are all members of the _____ spectrum
lower
Red light is (higher, lower) in frequency than violet light
laser
Light that has all its waves pulsating in unison is called a ______
electromagnetic spectrum
One model of light depicts it as consisting of energy particles known as a
true
True or False: The energy of a light particle is directly proportional to its frequency.
more
Red light is (more, less) energetic that violet light
can
The selective absorption of electromagnetic radiation by materials (can, cannot) be used as an aid for identification
Beer's
The amount of radiation a substances will absorb is directly proportional to its concentration as defined by _____ law
spectrophotometer
The ____ is the instrument used to measure and record the absorption spectrum of a chemical substance
spectrometer
The function of the ______ is to select a single frequency of light emanating from the spectrophotometer's source
infrared
An _______ absorption spectrum provides a unique "fingerprint" of a chemical substance
monochromator
The technique of _____ exposes molecules to a beam of high-energy electrons in order to fragment them
true
True or False: A mass spectrum is normally considered a specific means for identifying a chemical substance.