A verbal statement given under oath.
testimony
Rigidity that occurs within 24 hours after death and goes away after about 36 hours
Rigor Mortis
A science that deals with disease.
Forensic Pathology
Known as the father of toxicology
Mathieu Orfila
States that there is an exchange of materials when two objects come into contact with each other.
Locards Exchange Principle
Showed the issue of cross-contamination
Edmond Locard
This condition in the body happens as the blood stops pumping through the body and settles in the parts of the body lowest to the ground
Liver Mortis
What is the gradual cooling of the body after death?
Algor Mortis
Forensic entomologists study what to help solve crimes?
Flies
A sample of physical evidence that is collected at a crime scene.
Unknown Sample
Evidence that is small and often hard to find.
Trace Evidence
Additional sites where criminal activity might have happened.
Secondary Crime Scene
Show the location of evidence and contain accurate accounts of the distances between them and the dimensions of the crime scene
Rough Sketches
Questioned or Unknown Sample
Material that has been collected from a known location but is of unknown origin.
Anything that can establish a crime has happened and anything that links the crime and the criminal.
Physical Evidence
Show the crime scene in wide angles
Overview Photographs
A sample that comes from a particular person or place.
Known Sample
Are closer to the evidence, but they still show the area surrounding the evidence
Intermediate Photographs
Protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures
Fourth Amendment
The first person that arrives at the scene.
First Responder
A precise representation of the scene
Finished Sketch
The place where a crime occurred
Crime scene
Focus on an injury, a weapon, or a piece of evidence to show detail
Close Up Photographs
A list of all persons who had possession of the evidence during the crime investigation.
Chain of Custody
Intermediate photographs should show the relation of evidence to other parts of the crime scene
True
What is recorded in any sketches done of the crime scene?
The distances of all objects from two points
Blood should not be stored in which way?
In an airtight container
endings, enclosures, and other details that make up a fingerprinte
Ridge Characteristics
Extend outward from the point of impact, almost like the spokes on a wheel.
Radial Fractures
The frequency of an event.
Probability
Describe a substance or object without referring to any other substance.
Physical Properties
Includes tangible objects, including weapons, trace evidence like hair, blood or fibers, and fingerprints.
Physical Evidence
Properties associated with a common source to a high degree of certainty.
Individual Characteristics
The process of determining the chemical or physical characteristics of a piece of evidence with as much certainty as possible.
Identification
Any type of written or recorded evidence, such as a recording of a telephone conversation or a video recording of a crime.
Documentary Evidence
Evidence that is used to help recreate or illustrate a crime.
Demonstrative Evidence
Fractures that form a circle around the point of impact.
Concentric fractures
The process of testing a suspect sample with a known sample to prove whether or not they share a common origin.
Comparison
Can only be associated with a group and not a single source.
Class Characteristics
Describe what happens when a substance reacts with another substance.
Chemical Prperties
Prints created when the finger touches a soft material like soap or putty
Plastic Prints
Characterized by ridge lines that enter on one side, loop around, and exit on the same side
Loop fingerprints
A protein that transports oxygen and gives blood it's red coloring
Hemoglobin
Categorizes the properties of blood into three different blood types.
A-B-O system
Have ridge lines which start on one side and exit on the other side of the print.
Arch fingerprints
Made by the oil and perspiration on a finger that is deposited on a surface.
Latent fingerprints
A very sensitive test to identify bloodstains, which can show blood even when it has been diluted up to 300,000 times.
Luminol
Used to distinguish between animal and human blood.
Precipitin Test
Where is mitochondrial DNA found
outside the nucleus and there are more copie
Follicular tissue is the best source for what?
Nuclear DNA