Classification of marine birds
Domain: eukarya, Kingdom: animala, phylum: chordata, class: aves
4 categories of birds
Common shore birds, diving shore birds, diving pelagic birds, penguins
Common shorebirds
Search in shallow water and sand for food, examples: sandpiper, ostercatcher, sea duck, seagull
Diving pelagic birds
Spend most of their life at sea and migrate tens of thousands of miles ach year chasing fish, examples: auks, puffins, shearwaters, wandering albatross
Diving shorebirds
Birds that live near the shore but get their vitals from the sea, examples: cormorant, pelican, osprey, black skimmer
Penguins
No flight feather but excellent swimmers, eat fish, krill, squid, and shellfish, examples: chinstrap, emperor, rockhopper
Characteristics of all marine birds
Endothermic, feathers attached to skin, calcium rich eggs tended by parents
Thermoregulation of birds v reptiles
Birds are endothermic while reptiles are ectothermic
Down feathers
To preserve heat
Adapted features of marine birds
Webbed feet, salt glands, oils on feathers to resist water, four chambered heart
Where are salt glands located
Under the nostrils
What do marine birds excrete to conserve water
Have concentrated uric acid (urine)
What do birds do when they preen
They spread oils, grooming
What is an adaptive feature of oystercatchers
Knife like beak
How does oystercatcher gets its prey out of its shell
They smash it open
What is the name of the area of the ocean where blue herrings are found?
Shoreline
What kind of beak do sandpipers have to help them find food in the sand?
Narrow and pointed beak
Which pelagic birds are divers and which are scoopers?
Divers: cormorant, osprey, snake bird
Scoopers: pelican, black skimmer
Adaptations of penguins
Layers of fat to stay warm, no hollow bones or flight feathers but good for swimming
How do penguins stay warm
Layers of fat
What advantage do birds with long legs have?
They can walk swiftly into the water
A type of diving shore bird
Pelican
Feathers for flight
contour
A type of diving pelagic bird
Auks
A type of diving pelagic bird
Albatross
Only birds without hollow bones
Penguin
Common shore bird
Sandpiper
The biggest penguin
Emperor
Have a waterproofing oil on them to repel water when they swim
Feathers
Has long beak for getting food
Common shorebird
Type of penguin with "strap" on face
Chinstrap
Where salt glands are located in birds
Nostrils
Diver
Cormorant
Class (classification) of birds
Aves
What are three different feeding methods?
Foraging, quick dives, and long hives
What adaptations do sea snakes have for life in the ocean?
The flatter body and paddle like tail help the sea snake swim more efficiently. They have salt glands, they have special flap of tissue that's covers the nostrils.
How does the marine iguana regulate its body temperature?
When their bodies get too cold from the water, the iguanas return to the land, where they warm themselves in the sun by lying across the heated lava boulders.
In what parts of the world can penguins be found?
Southern Hemisphere
Fertilization
Internal
Food web
Important link in Antarctic food web
Anatomy
4 chambered heart
How are their forelimbs developed?
They're developed into wings