Catfish w/ rounded tail
Bullhead Catfish
PASSIVE fish capture method from Park Lake lab
Fyke Netting
ACTIVE fish capture method from Park Lake lab
Seining
-observed them in southern migration
-brown upper body, white lower body (relatively)
-yellow legs
-long, skinny beak
Yellowlegs (Sandpipers)
Bird w/:
-white body
-yellow bill
-black legs
-Maple River lab
Great Egret
-Large bird w/ gray body and pale bill
-has a wide range of prey (small fish-->small birds)
-Maple river lab
Blue Heron
~green frog w/ spots
Leopard Frog
Sedges have ____, Rushes are ____, and grasses have _____ when the cops aren't around
edges, round, joints
-long narrow leaves
-bark contains salicylic acid
-many species, many associated w/ wet soil
willow
-leaves narrower than common milkweed and seed pod is smaller
-~lanceolate leaves
Swamp Milkweed
-Arrow shaped leaves
-veins originate from central vein, has distinct outer vein on leaf margin
-fruiting body is pod like w/ large seeds
-grows near shoreline
Arrow Arum
-fruit is reddish w/ speckles
-alternate leaves w/ silvery underside
-very invasive
Autumn Olive
-comp., alternate leaves
-thorns curve ? along spine
-rampant hybridizers - common in wooded areas and gardens
-hips, buds, and flowers edible
-contains vit. c
Wild Rose
-looks like clover but w/ <3 shaped leaves
-leaves, flowers, seed pods edible
-delicious as is or mixed with salad
-contains oxalic acid = flavor
Wood Sorrel
-Dom food of monarch butterflies
-milky sap in stem and leaves
-seed pods and early shoots edible - cooked like asparagus
Milkweed
-flat, white flower heads
-edible root - very carroty taste
-two-year life cycle
(doesn't flower 1st year = tastes better)
-has toxic look-alikes
Queen Anne's Lace (Wild Carrot)
-Alternate, compound leaves
-Antler-like branches growth pattern
-common along roadsides
-bright red berries edible - make lemonade-like drink
Staghorn Sumac
-Used to be a dom. tree species in N. Americe but wiped out by blithe
-Large, coarsely serrated leaves
-delicious nut enclosed in spiny husk
American Chestnut
-spiny tree w/ short trunk
-fruit looks like brain and is green
-claimed to be useful as spider repellent
-traditionally used to make longbows
-orange bark
Osage Orange
-evergreen shrub or small tree
-variable needle from same plant (flat/scaly or sharp/pointy)
-similar to white cedar but w/more narrow needles
-berries used to make gin, can be used to make tea
Juniper
Name the subfamily that has:
-lobed leaved w/ pointy margins
-acorns that must be processed to be palatable
Red Oak
Name the subfamily that has:
-lobed leaved w/ smooth, rounded margins
-acorns that do not need to be processed to be palatable, and are high in protein and fat
White Oak
-mint family
-4 sided stem
-sedative prop.s in humans - can be used to make sleepy time tea
-small evergreen
Catnip
-identified by tall stalks and soft leaves
-tea made from leaves relieves colds/lung ailments
Mullein (Lamb's Ear)
-has edible, bitter berries that survive winter and provide wildlife with food when little else is available
Highbush Cranberry
Name the "Big Three Grasses" or prairies:
-Big Blue Stem
-Little Blue Stem
-Indian Grass
Eurasian non-native grasses were introduced in _____ for reseeding western land
1880
State the 4 steps of Cliff's Method for prairie restoration:
1. Treat w/ round-up for 2 consecutive years
2. Plow the plot
3. Plant seeds
4. Use fire and hand pulling to weed out non-native plants
_______ provides food and cover for waterfowl in Cliff's wetland
Buttonbush
Cliff's prairie has _____ species, and ______ of them are threatened or endangered
-130
-1/4
-Was a professor at MSU who studied cancer cells
-collaborated with Illinois and Wisconsin researchers to create a prairie on his property
Cliff Welsh
Name the 4 characteristics of prairie soils
-thick
-alkaline
-dark
-very rich in humus
Prairie grasses are responsible for ____ soil in the mid-W --> results in complex _______ communities.
-rich
-microorganism
Prairie soils are constantly being enriched by _______ decomposition.
OM
1 acre of prairie grassland con consume ______ more CO2 than 1 acre of forest.
10x
______ of perennial prairie grass roots die each year
1/3
Extinction rates are ___ - ___ greater than normal due to humans
100-1000x
In 1995, there were _____ acres of grassland in MI, now there are ____ acres
300 --> 4,000
What fish family has:
-elpngated, torpedo shaped body
...