1. Know how igneous rocks are classified and named.
1.Texture.-Coarse, Fine, Glassy
2.Chemical Compostion
3.Mineral content -Proportion of light mineral to dark minerals.
Describe and pyroclastin type of eruption?
a fast-moving current of extremely hot gas, moving away from the volcano.
2. How does magma differ from lava?
They are different because lava is magma when it hits earth's atmosphere; magma turns to lava. Magma is when its inside the volcano.
Describe the six types of igneous textures (aphanitic, phaneritic, porphyritic, glassy, vesicular, and fragmental/pyroclastic)
aphanitic-Fine grain size, quick cooling
Phaneritic-Coarse grain size- slow cooling
Porphyritic-mixture of grain sizes, mixture of cooling times
Glassy-instant cooling
visicular-contains tine holes from gas bubbles in lava-spongelike
Fragmental/Pyro-Piece
What are the roles of pressure and heat in generating magma from solid rock?
Rocks in the lower crust and upper mantle are near their melting points
An increase in confining pressure causes an increase in a rock's melting temperature or conversely, reducing the pressure lowers the melting temperature
Describe decompression melting.
A decrease in pressure, just as a rise in temperature, can melt materials, specifically rocks in this case
What type of plate boundary would you expect decompression melting to occur? What magma composition is produced within this environment?
mid ocean ridge
Basalt magma
Describe partial melting.
How does the composition of a melt produced by partial melting compare with the composition of the parent rock?
Partial melting occurs in rocks because the different minerals that compose rocks have different melting points.
The melt take the compostion of the heated minerals, while the solid parent rocks remains with the solid minerals that did not melt.
How is Bowen's Reaction Series used to predict the order in which different minerals melt?
different minerals form at different temps. The solid minerals left behind may interact with new minerals, and create a new one.
What magma composition does partial melting of peridotite produce?
Basalt
6. Describe how magmatic differentiation changes the composition of magma during crystallization.
2 things change at very distinct levels, different rocks are formed from the same magma chambers.
Describe the different factors that affect magma composition (crystal settling, magma mixing, assimilation, melting of different source rocks, etc.).
Temperature, Pressure, Water Content, And Mineral Composition.
What is the role of volatiles in generating basaltic magma within subduction zones?
they cause the temp to change and creating mantle plumes
Why are rocks of intermediate (andesitic) and felsic (granitic) compositions generally not found in ocean basins?
they are found on the oncean basins, they are formed from partial melting of the earths crust.