Chpt 5 8th Grade Beginnings of American Identity

Cheap farmland and abundant natural resources

What two elements gave colonial farmers a chance to prosper?

Middle class

In the social ranks of colonial life, what position did owners of small farms hold?

Understand the Bible

The main reason colonial children were taught to read

Provision of the Magna Carta

Taxation was prohibited unless it was agreed to by a council.

The Great Awakening caused

People argued over religious practices

The Enlightenment introuduced

Ideas about natural rights and government by agreement.

Reason & Science

The Enlightenment emphasized these ideas.

Benjamin Franklin

Created the first formal plan to unite the colonies

The Glorious Revolution

Eased tensions between the colonists and the English government.

John Locke

Argued that people have certain rights that governments must protect.

England's policy of salutary neglect

Caused growth of self-government in the colonies.

Albany Plan of Union was

The first formal proposal to unite the colonies,

Nobles and freemen

Benefited from the Magna Carta

English Bill of Rights justified

jailing Governor Andros and asking Parliament to restore their assemblies

Caused the French and Indian War

Conflicts between European fur traders in the Ohio River valley

English Bill of Rights

Forbids excessive fines and cruel punishments

French and Indian War Effect

Britain forbade colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains

The Great Awakening helped

Develop American identity by encouraging belief in spiritual equality

Benjamin Franklin and John Locke

Were famous figures of The Enlightenment.

Magna Carta

Limited the English king's power by guaranteeing rights to nobles and freemen.

English Bill of Rights

A list of specific rights of English people and of Parliament.

Albany Plan of Union was

the first formal proposal to unite the colonies.

French and Indian War

A nine-year conflict between French and British forces in North America.

Treaty of Paris

It ended the war between France and Britain.

Pontiac's Rebellion

The Ottawa leader was only one of many organizers of the revolt.

Proclamation of l763

It angered colonists who wanted to settle the Ohio River valley.

Parliament

England's lawmaking body

Colonial social classes

Large middle class, many slaves, no aristocracy

Modern Women's Rights

Right to vote, right to own property

French Indian War Cause

Worldwide fighting between France and England

Northern homes

Layers of wood, central fireplace, small room and cellar

Southern homes

Made of brick, outside fireplaces, large central entry for breezes

Trial by jury, elected government, no taxation without representation

American rights traced back to the Magna Carta and/or the English Bill of Rights

The fur trade

Why Native Americans form alliances with European powers during the French Indian War.

A common enemy

How did the French Indian War unite the colonists?

Westward expansion by colonists

Prompted Native American attacks of colonists

Colonial Farmers Prosper

Cheap farmland, Abundant natural resources, Part of the large MIDDLE CLASS

Bible

Colonial children were taught to read so they could read and understand this book

Great Awakening

Christian religious revival, Caused congregations to argue over religious practices and split apart, Helped develop American identity by encouraging belief in spiritual equality

Enlightenment

Cultural movement stressing human reason and science as the paths to knowledge, Introduced ideas about natural rights and government by agreement, John Locke and Ben Franklin famous supporters of this

Magna Carta

Charter of English political and civil liberties, Limited English king's power by guaranteeing rights to nobles and free men. , The nobles and free men benefited the most, Taxation was prohibited, unless it was agreed to by a council

Glorious Revolution

HELPED EASE TENSIONS BETWEEN COLONISTS AND THE ENGLISH GOVERNMENT, Events in England/Great Britain , William and Mary replace King James II as leaders/monarchs, They upheld English Bill of Rights , Established that government based on laws made by Parliam

English Bill of Rights

Laws protecting the rights of English subjects and Parliament (1689), Colonists used it to justify jailing Governor Andros and asking Parliament to restore their assemblies, Excessive fines and cruel punishment were forbidden under these laws,

Albany Plan of Union

FIRST formal proposal to unite the colonies, It was proposed by Ben Franklin

French and Indian War

9-year war between French and Great Britain in North America , Conflict between European fur traders in the Ohio River Valley and French, French worried that they would lose control of rivers /land in area, Great Britain won the war, After the war (effect

Treaty of Paris

Ended the war between Franc and Great Britain

Pontiac's Rebellion

Native American revolt against the British colonies, This Ottawa chief was only one of many organizers of this revolt

Chief Pontiac

Leader of the Ottawa Indians, Led his people in raids against British

Proclamation of 1763

British declaration that would not allow colonists to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains, Angered colonist who wanted to settle the Ohio River valley

Parliament

England's (Great Britain) lawmaking body, Was model of government for colonists, Parliament in England is like our U.S. Congress in Washington D.C.

John Locke

Great Enlightenment Thinker and supporter, Said people have certain rights that governments MUST protect

Ben Franklin

Great Enlightenment thinker and supporter , He was first person to suggest the first formal plan to unite the colonies

Peter Zanger

New York publisher taken to court for criticizing the governor of New York, Court agreed with Zanger, Freedom of the Press became an important new right in America b/c of his trial.

Northern homes

Built of wood, kitchen in middle of house for heat, small rooms with low ceilings, fireplace in every room

Southern Homes

Built of brick, kitchen in separate building to keep heat away, bigger windows, wrap-around porch to help keep cool, long central halls for summer breezes

Women in colonial America

Could not vote, Could not own property, Could not preach , Money woman earned belonged to their husbands

Social class in colonial America

No titled rich people by birth, Had a large middle class b/c colonists could own land and prosper, Larger class of slaves

American Rights that can be traced back to the Magna Carta or English Bill of Rights

Property could not be seized by government, Could not be taxed unless council men agreed and passed law, No trial without witnesses, Guaranteed trial by jury of peers, Right to elect representatives to government, Excessive fines and cruel punishment were

French and Indian War

Native Americans form alliances with European power, The fur trade formed economic and military alliances between the Native American's and Europeans.

French and Indian War

Unites the colonists for the first time, Colonies together fought a common enemy, After war they were united in their conflict with Great Britain about settling land West of the Appalachian Mountains.

French and Indian War

Native Americans attack colonists after British took over French forts after war, British refused to give gifts to Native Americans like French had, British settlers began to move and settle in Native American land