expedition
journey made for a special purpose
colony
a settlement far from the country that rules it
colombian exchange
movement of people, animals, plants, diseases, and ways of life between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres
conquistador
a spanish conqueror
ally
a friend who will help in a fight
conquest
the capture or taking of something by force
convert
to change from one thing to another
colonist
person who lives in a colony
society
a group of people forming a community
plantation
a large farm with workers who live on the land they work
encomienda
a large piece of land usually given to the owners by the king of spain
missionary
a person who teaches their religion to others who have different beliefs
mission
a religious settlement where missionaries live and work
Christopher Columbus
an Italian explorer who sailed west to try and get to the Indies but landed in teh Bahamas and helped to establish Spanish colonies there
King Ferdinand & Queen Isabella
the monarchs of Spain who gave Columbus the money and ships to sail west in search of the Indies
Amerigo Vespucci
Italian explorer who was the first to call America a new world, America is named after him
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
Spanish explorer who was the first to cross the Isthmus of Panama and see the Pacific Ocean
Ferdinand Magellan
Portugeuese explorer who led the first expedition to sail around the world, he was killed during the voyage
Bahaman islands
the island chain where Columbus landed during his first voyage to America
West Indies
the name given to the islands in the Caribbean
Moctezuma
Aztec leader killed shortly before the Spanish defeated the Aztecs
Hernando Cortez
Spanish leader who conquered the Aztecs
Francisco Pizzaro
Spanish leader who defeated the Inca
Atahualpa
Incan ruler who was killed by the Spanish
New Spain
name given to the spanish colony established in America
Mexico City
capitol of New Spain, built on the ruins of Tenochitlan
Hernando de Soto
spanish explorer who was the first European to cross the Mississippi River
Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca
Spanish Explorer who explored a large portion of southern North America in search of Cibola
Juan Ponce de Leon
an explorer who was searching for the Fountain of Youth
Bartolome de Las Casas
Spanish missionary priest who fought for Native American people
Hispaniola
Caribbean island where enslaved Africans where sent to replace the natives who died out
Why did Columbus sail west to Asia?
to find a quicker and cheaper way to reach Asia
Who helped Columbus with his voyage?
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
Where did Columbus land?
The Bahaman Islands
What were some of the effects of the Columbian Exchange? (class discussion)
Different animals and plants were exchanged between the two hemispheres, this changed cultures (such as the Irish getting the potato, the Italians getting the tomato, and the Native Americans getting the horse [GOOD] and smallpox [BAD])
Who was America named after and WHY?
Amerigo Vespucci, he was the first to call America a "new world
Why did Cortez decide to invade Mexico?
To capture the gold and treasures of the Aztec Empire
How did Cortez defeat the Aztecs?
using guns and armor; with horses; with the help of allies; and with the help of disease
Where did the Spanish se up their capital of New Spain?
Mexico City
Why did Catholic priests come to America?
To convert the native populations to Christanity
Who conquered the Incan Empire?
Francisco Pizzaro
What is Cibola?
A legendary city of gold in North America that was sought after by explorers for hundereds of years
What was society like in New Spain?
The peninsulares were on top followed by the creoles, then the mestizos and finally the native slaves and African slaves
How were plantations and encomiendas alike?
Both were large land areas ther were farmed by slave labor
What happened as an effect of de Las Casas speaking up for the American natives?
Spain declared that the natives were to be treated better and paid, neigher of which actually happened
What was the effect of slavery on the native populations of the Americas?
Slavery was one of the causes of death of the native population