other-oriented
to be aware of the toughts, needs, experience, personality, emotions, motives, desires, culture, and goals of your communication partners while still maintaining your own integrity
communication
is the process of acting on information
human communication
the process of making sense out of the world and sharing that sense with others by creating meaning through the use of verbal and nonverbal messages
interpersonal communication
a distinctive, transactional form of human communication involving mutual influence, usually for the purpose of managing relationships : "I-Thou
impersonal communication
occurs when you treat people as objects, or when you respond to their roles rather than who they are as unique people : "I-it
relationship
a connection established when you communicate with another person: what one person says or does influences the other person
mass communication
occurs when someone communicates the same message to many people at once, but the creator of the message is usually not physically present, and listeners have virtually no opportunity to respond immediately to the speaker
public communication
occurs when a speaker addresses an audience in person
small group communication
occurs when a group of from three to fifteen people meet to interact with a common purpose and mutually influence one another
intrapersonal communication
communication with yourself; thinking
source
the originator of a thought or an emotion, who puts into a code that can be understood by a receiver
encode
to translate ideas, feelings, and thoughts into code
decode
to interpret ideas, feelings, and thoughts that have been translated into code
messages
the written, spoken, and unspoken elements of communication to which people assign meaning
channel
pathway through which messages are sent
receiver
the person who decodes and attempts to make sense of what the source has encoded
noise
anything literal or psychological that interferes with accurate reception of a message
feedback
the response to the message
context
the physical and psychological environment for communication
systems theory
describes the interconnected elements of a system in which a change in one element affects all of the other elements
episodes
sequence of interactions between individuals during which the message of one person influences the message of another
cues-filtered-out theory
theory that suggest that communication of emotions is restricted when people send messages to others via text messages because nonverbal cues such as facial expression, gestures, and tone of voice are filtered out.
social information-processing theory
suggest people can communicate relational and emotional messages via the Internet, but it just may take longer to express messages that are typically communicated with facial expressions and tone of voice
hyperpersonal relationship
a relationship formed primarily through electronically mediated communication that becomes more personal than an equivalent face-to-face relationship because of the absence of distracting external cues, smaller amounts of personal information, and idealization of the communication partners.
media richness theory
theory that identifies the richness of a communication medium based on the amount of feedback it allows, the number of cues receivers can interpret, the variety of language it allows, and the potential for emotional expression
symbol
a word, sound, or visual image that represents something else, such as a thought, concept, or object
rule
a followable prescription that indicates what behavior is obligated, preferred, or prohibited in certain contexts
content
information, ideas, or suggested actions that a speaker wishes to share
relationship dimension
the implied aspect of a communication message, which conveys information about emotions, attitudes, power, and control
metacommunication
verbal or nonverbal communication about communication
ethics
beliefs, values, and moral principles by which people determine what is right or wrong
egocentric communicator
one who creates messages without giving much thought to the person who is listening; a communicator who is self-focused and self-absorbed
electronically mediated communication (EMC)
communication that is not face to face, but rather is sent via medium such as a cell phone or internet.
asynchronous message
a message that is not read, heard, or seen exactly when it is sent; there is a time delay between the sending of the message and its receipt.
synchronous message
a massage that is sent and received simultaneously.
social pressence
the feeling that communicators have of engaging in unlimited, face-to-face interactions even though message are being sent electronically.
mood
a conscious, subjective state of mind.
emotional contagion
the process whereby people mimic the emotions of others after watching and hearing their emotional expressions.