is the process of acting on information
communication
the process of making sense out of the world and sharing that sense with others by creating meaning through the use of verbal and nonverbal messages
human communication
a distinctive, transactional form of human communication involving mutual influence, usually for the purpose of managing relationships : "I-Thou
interpersonal communication
occurs when you treat people as objects, or when you respond to their roles rather than who they are as unique people : "I-it
impersonal communication
means that all partners in the communication are affected by a transaction
mutual influence
a connection established when you communicate with another person: what one person says or does influences the other person
relationship
occurs when someone communicates the same message to many people at once, but the creator of the message is usually not physically present, and listeners have virtually no opportunity to respond immediately to the speaker
mass communication
occurs when a speaker addresses an audience in person
public communication
occurs when a group of from three to fifteen people meet to interact with a common purpose and mutually influence one another
small group communication
communication with yourself
intrapersonal communication
the originator of a thought or an emotion, who expresses ideas and feelings as code that can be understood by a receiver
the source
translating ideas, feelings, and thoughts into a code
encoding
the opposite process of encoding, occurs when the words or unspoken signals are interpreted by the receiver
decoding
the written, spoken, and unspoken elements of communication to which people assign meaning
messages
A message is communicated from sender to receiver via some pathway called a
channel
the person who decodes and attempts to make sense of what the source encoded
the receiver
anything that interferes with a message and keeps it from being understood and achieving its intended effect
noise
the response to the message
feedback
the physical and psychological environment for communication
context
describes the interconnected elements of a system in which a change in one element affects all of the other elements
systems theory
sequence of interactions between individuals during which the message of one person influences the message of another
episodes
human communication is linear, with meaning sent or transferred from source to receiver
human communication as action
human communication occurs as the receiver of the message responds to the source through feedback. This model views communication as a linear action-reaction sequence of events within a specific context
human communication as interaction
human communication is mutually interactive. Meaning is created based on a concurrent sharing of ideas and feelings. This model most accurately describes human communication
human communication as transaction
when you use media, such as a cell phone or the Internet to carry your message
mediated interpersonal communication
anonymity
physical appearance
distance
time
how is mediated interpersonal communication different from live, face-to-face conversation? (there are four key differences)
suggested that emotional expression is severely restricted when we communicate online because sending text messages via the internet filters out nonverbal cues such as facial expression, gestures, and tone of voice
cues-filtered-out theory
suggests that we can communicate relational and emotional messages via the Internet, but it just may take longer to express messages that are typically communicated with facial expressions and tone of voice
social information-processing theory
a certain type of interpersonal communication that is facilitated by using a computer to establish relationships with others
hyperpersonal communication
identifies the richness of a communication medium based on the amount of information, including emotional expression, it communicates
media richness theory
who u think you are
who u think the other person is
who u think the other person thinks u are
who the other person thinks he or she is
who the other person thinks you are
who the other person thinks you think he or she is
when you communicate with another person, there are really at least six "people" involved. they are:
a word, sound, or visual image that represents something else, such as a thought, concept, or object
symbol
a followable prescription that indicates what behavior is obligated, preferred, or prohibited in certain contexts
rule
respect each other's privacy
don't reveal each other's secrets
look the person in the eye during conversation
don't criticize the other person publicly
the most important relationship rules revealed by a British study are (there are 4 of them)
information, ideas, or suggested actions that a speaker wishes to share
content
the implied aspect of a communication message, which conveys information about emotions, attitudes, power, and control
relationship dimension
verbal or nonverbal communication about communication
metacommunication
pleasure-displeasure
arousal-nonarousal
dominance-submissiveness
emotional response theory suggests that any human emotion experienced can be interpreted along three dimensions, what are they
theoretical perspective that suggests communication behavior can be predicted based on personal traits and characteristics that result from people's genetic or biological background
communibiological approach
theory of human behavior that suggests we can learn how to adapt and adjust our behavior toward others; how we behave is not solely dependant on our genetic or biological makeup
social learning theory
beliefs, values, and moral principles by which people determine what is right or wrong
ethics
one who considers the thoughts, feelings, and perspectives of communication partners while maintaining his or her own integrity
other-oriented communicator
one who creates messages without giving much thought to the person who is listening; a communicator who is self-focused and self-absorbed
egocentric communicator
myth
more words will make the meaning more clear
reality
sometimes it's best to stop talking, take a deep breath, and listen
myth
meanings are in words
reality
meanings are in people, not in words
myth
information equals communication
reality
information is not communication. Saying, writing, or expressing a thought or feeling doesn't mean someone else will make sense of the message merely because we've created it
myth
interpersonal relationship problems are always communication problems
reality
we may understand what someone means but just disagree with them