What is a wave?
A periodic disturbance that transfer energy
What do waves move, Victoria? Matter or energy?
Energy
What is a medium?
The material a wave moves through
What are some examples of mediums?
Solids, Liquids, Gases
Do all waves require a medium to move through?
No
What is a mechanical wave?
A wave that requires a medium
What is a good example of a mechanical wave that moves through solids?
Seismic waves (earthquakes)
What is a good example of a mechanical wave that moves through liquids?
Ocean waves
What is a good example of a mechanical wave that moves through air?
Sound waves
What is an electromagnetic wave?
A wave that does NOT require a medium
What are some examples of electromagnetic waves?
Radio waves, microwaves, light, x-rays
What is a transverse wave?
A wave that move the medium up-and-down or side-to-side and perpendicular to its direction
What is a good example of a transverse wave?
Ocean waves
What is the top of a transverse wave called?
Crest
What is the bottom of a transverse wave called
Trough
What is a longitudinal wave?
A wave that moves that compresses and expands the medium parallel to its direction
What is a good example of a longitudinal wave?
Sound waves
What is the bunched-up part of a longitudinal wave?
Compresion
What is the spread-out part of a longitudinal wave?
Rarefaction
What is a cycle?
One pulse of a wave
What is a wave period?
The time it takes to complete one cycle
What is frequency?
How often the wave cycles go by
What is amplitude?
The maximum height of a wave from rest
What is wavelength?
The distance between corresponding points on neighboring wave pulses (ex. crest to crest)
Which goes with high frequency?
Short wavelength
Which goes with low frequency?
Long wavelength
Which goes with long wavelength?
Low frequency
Which goes with short wavelength?
High frequency
Which is an example of a Big Amplitude?
A loud sound
Which is an example of a Small Amplitude
A short wave at the beach
Which is an example of a Low Frequency?
A sound that has a lot of bass
Which is an example of a High Frequency?
A high squeaky voice
What happens during reflection?
Waves bounces off something
What happens during diffraction?
Waves spread out
What happens during refraction?
Waves enter a new medium at an angle and bend or slightly change direction
What happens during interference?
Waves overlap
What happens during constructive interference?
Waves overlap to produce a larger amplitude
What happens during destructive interference?
Waves overlap to produce a smaller amplitude or totally cancel out
What happens during absorption?
Waves go into a medium and don't come out
What happens during transmission?
Waves go straight through the medium
What happens during scattering?
Waves hit a new medium and spread out in every direction
Which is an example of scattering?
Light strikes a cloud
Which is an example of refraction?
Pencil half in a cup looks bent or disconnected
Which is an example of reflection?
Mirror image, also an echo
Which is an example of diffraction?
You can hear sounds around a corner (they bend around the corner)
Which is an example of transmission?
Light goes straight through a window
Which is an example of absorption?
Light hits a wall and warms it up (but does not come out the other side)