Substrate level phosphorylation occurs
In both glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
The oxygen consumed during respiration is involved directly in which process or event
Accepting electrons at the end of the ETC
Substrate level phosphorylation accounts for approximately what % of the ATP formed by the reactions of glycolysis
2%
Starting with one molecule of glucose, the energy containing products of glycolysis are
2 NADH, 2 pyruvate, and 2 ATP
Most of the CO2 from the catabolism of glucose is released during
The citric acid cycle
Which electron carriers function in the citric acid cycle
NADH and FADH2
Carbon dioxide is released during which of the following stages of respiration
Oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and the citric acid cycle
Starting with citrate, which of the following combinations of products would result from three acetylene CoA molecules entering the citric acid cycle
3 ATP, 6 CO2, 9 NADH, and 3 FADH2
During aerobic respiration, electrons travel downhill in which sequence
Glucose > NADH > electron transport chain > oxygen
Where are the proteins of the ETC located
Mitochondrial inner membrane
During aerobic respiration which of the following directly donates electrons to the transport chain at the lowest energy elvel
FADH2
During aerobic respiration, H2O is formed. Where does the oxygen atom for the formation of the water come from
Molecular oxygen (O2)
In chemiosmosis, what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP to Pi to ATP
Energy released from movement of protons through ATP synthase, down their electrochemical gradient
Energy released by the ETC is used to pump H+ into which location in eukaryotic cells
Mitochondrial intermembrane space
In liver cells, the inner mitochondrial membranes are about five times the area of mitochondrial membranes. What purpose must this serve
It increases the surface for oxidative phosphorylation
You have a friend who lost abut 15 pounds of fat on a regimen of strict diet. How did the fat leave his body
It was released as CO2 and H2O
Which of the following normally occurs regardless of whether or not oxygen is present
Glycolysis
Why is glycolysis consider to be one of the first metabolic pathways to have evolved
It does not involve organelles or specialized structures, does not require oxygen, and is present in most organisms
News biospheres, applied like a temporary tattoo to the skin, can alert serious athletes that they are abut to hit the wall and find it difficult to continue exercising. These biosensors monitor lactate, a form of lactic acid, released in sweat during str
During anaerobic respiration, lactate levels increase when muscles cells need more energy, however scales cells eventually fatigue, this athletes should modify the activities to increase aerobic respiration
Early investigators thought the oxygen produced by photosynthetic plants came from carbon dioxide. In fact, it comes from
Water
What event accompanies energy absorption by chlorophyll
An electron is excited
The electrons of photosystem 2 are excited and transferred to electron. Carriers. From which molecule or structure do the photosystem 2 replacement electrons come
Water
In a plant, the reasons that produce molecular oxygen take place in
The light reactions alone
In its mechanism, photophosphorylation is most similar to
Oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration
Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle
ATP and NADPH
What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle
Synthesize simple sugars from CO2
After phosphorylation and reduction, what more needs to happen to complete the Calvin cycle
Regeneration of RuBP