FADH2
The lower energy activated carrier from the
citric acid cycle
Electron Transport Chain
series of reactions where electrons are
passed from one membrane-bound protein
complex to another before being finally
attached to oxygen
ATP
The product of the reaction catalyzed by ATP
synthase
Glycolysis
Metabolic process in the cell's cytoplasm
where 6-carbon glucose is split into two 3-
carbon pyruvate molecules
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Production of ATP inside the mitochondria in
the presence of oxygen
Glucose
A six-carbon single sugar; the most common
energy source
Glycogen
Polysaccharide consisting of numerous
glucoses linked together. The animal
equivalent of starch
NADH
The highest energy activated carrier from the
citric acid cycle
Fat
Lipids used for energy storage and
metabolism in cells
GTP
About the same energy content as ATP but
with Guanosine
Acetyl coA
Feeds two carbons at a time into the citric
acid cycle
Fermentation
The synthesis of ATP in the absence of
oxygen through glycolysis
ADP
One of the substrates for ATP synthase
Citric Acid Cycle
Cycle where acetyl CoA is combined with
oxaloacetate to form citric acid
Pyruvate
The three carbon end product of glycolysis
Starch
The mostly unbranched Polysaccharide used
for energy storage in plants
GDP
Guanosine DiPhosphate