What is a Godan (group 1) verb? How would you identify it?
A Godan verb ends with a "u" but not "iru" or "eru.
What is an Ichidan (group 2) verb? How would you identify it?
An Ichidan verb ends with "iru" or "eru.
What is an Irregular (group 3) verb? How would you identify it?
There are only two irregular verbs: "kuru" (to come), and "suru" (to do, make, or cost).
What verb is most often used?
The verb "suru" is used most often.
Why is this verb most often used?
The verb "suru" is most often used because it can be combined with nouns to make a verb (example: benkyou (nound: study) + suru (to do) = to study.
What is the dictionary form of all verbs?
The dictionary (basic) form of all verbs ends with a "u" and this form is the present informal form.
What is used to make a verb more polite?
To make a verb more polite, add "masu" to its dictionary form.
How would you make a Godan verb more polite?
You would remove the last "u" and add "imasu.
How would you make an Ichidan verb more polite?
You would remove the last "ru" and add "masu.
How would to make an Irregular verb more polite?
kuru" becomes "kimasu" and "suru" becomes "shimasu.
How do you find a verb's stem?
You remove the "masu" from the "masu" form of the verb (it's going to be different from the dictionary form).
Are verb stems ever used?
Because many suffixes can be attached to them, verb stems are useful.
How many tenses are there for verbs?
There is only present and past. There is no future tense.
Which tense would you use to express future tense?
You would use present tense.
How would you make a past tense formal verb with a Godan verb that ends with "u?
Replace the "u" with "imashita.
How would you make a past tense informal verb with a Godan verb that ends with "ku?
Replace the "ku" with "ita
How would you make a past tense informal verb with a Godan verb ending with "gu?
Replace the "gu" with "ida
How would you make a past tense informal verb with a Godan verb ending with "u," "tsu," or "ru?
Replace "u," "tsu," or "ru" with "tta
How would you make a past tense informal verb with a Godan verb ending with "nu," "bu," or "mu?
Replace the "nu," "bu," or "mu" with "nda
How would you make a past tense informal verb with a Godan verb ending with "su?
Replace the "su" with "shita
How would you make a past tense formal Ichidan verb?
Replace "ru" with "mashita
How would you make a past tense informal Ichidan verb?
Replace "ru" with "ta.
How would you make the formal past tense of the verb "kuru?
Replace "kuru" with "kimashita
How would you make the informal past tense of the verb "kuru?
Replace "kuru" with "kita
How would you make the formal past tense of the verb "suru?
Replace "suru" with "shimashita
How would you make the informal past tense of the verb "suru?
Replace "suru" with "shita
How would you make the present tense, formal, negative Godan verb?
Use the root form of the verb and add "masen" to its ending.
How would you make the present tense, informal, negative Godan verb?
Replace the last "u" with "anai
How would you make the present tense, informal, negative Godan verb ending with a vowel + u?
Replace the vowel + u with "wanai
How would you make the present tense, informal, negative Ichidan verb?
Replace the final "ru" with "nai
How would you make the present tense, informal, negative form of the verb "kuru?
Replace "kuru" with "konai.
How would you make the present tense, informal, negative form of the verb "suru?
Replace "suru" with "shinai
How would you make the past tense, formal, negative verb?
This goes for all groups. Add "deshita" to the formal present negative form
Hor would you make the past tense, informal, negative verb?
This goes for all groups. Replace "nai" with "nakatta
How do you make the "te" verb?
Replace the last "ta" of the informal past tense with "te" and "da" of the informal past tense with "de
What doesn't the "te" form indicate?
By itself, the "te" form doesn't indicate tense (past or present)
What does the "te" form do by itself?
By itself, the "te" form describes a habitual action/condition
How can the "te" form be used to make a request?
The "te" form is used to make a request. Add "kudasai" (please) after it
How would you formally indicate the present progressive tense?
To formally indicate the present progressive tense, add "imasu" after "te" in the "te" form
How would you informally indicate the present progressive tense?
To informally indicate the present progressive tense, add "iru" after "te" in the "te" form
How would you list consecutive verbs?
Use the "te" form for all verbs but the last in the list.
How would you ask permission?
Use the "te" form and add "mo ii desu ka" after it