Boot Camp
A physically rigorous, disciplined, and demanding regimen emphasizing conditioning, education, and job training that is designed for young offenders.
community service
compensation for injury to society by the performance of service in the community
continuum of sanctions
A range of correctional management strategies based on the degree of intrusiveness and control over the offender, along which an offender is moved based on his or her response to correctional programs
day fine
a criminal penalty based on the amount of income that an offender earns in a day's work
drug court
A specialized way of handling drug-involved offenders in which the court takes a more active role in the probationer's progress while the probationer is under supervision
Forfeiture
government seizure of property and other assets derived from or used in criminal activity
home confinement
sentence whereby offenders serve terms of incarceration in their own homes
Intensive Supervision Probation (ISP)
Probation granted with conditions of strict reporting to a probation officer with a limited caseload
intermediate sanctions
a variety of punishments that are more restrictive than traditional probation but less severe and costly than incarceration
judicial reprieve
a practice under English common law whereby a judge could suspend the imposition or execution of a sentence on condition of good behavior on the part of the offender
justice reinvestment
savings from community corrections used to help build up the crime prevention programs in communities that have the most people under community supervision
principle of interchangeability
the idea that different forms of intermediate sanctions can be calibrated to make them equivalent as punishments despite their differences in approach
probation center
residential facility where persistent probation violators are sent for short periods of time
recognizance
an obligation of record entered into before a court or magistrate requiring the performance of an act (such as appearance in court) usually under penalty of a money forfeiture
reintegration model
the belief that crime is caused by poverty, inequality, and lack of opportunity; dealing with crime requires that the effect of these problems be reduced
restitution
Compensation for financial, physical, or emotional loss caused by an offender, in the form of either payment of money to the victim or to a public fund for crime victims, as stipulated by the court
restitution center
facility where probationers who fall behind in restitution are sent to make payments on their debt
shock incarceration
A short period of incarceration (the "shock"), followed by a sentence reduction.
Goal of community corrections
finding the "least restrictive alternative
John Augustus
first probation officer
Sanctions Administered by the Judiciary:
-Pretrial Diversion
- Fines
- Forfeiture
- Community Service
- Restitution
Sanctions administered in the community
-day reporting (treatment) centers
-intensive supervision
-home confinement
-electronic monitering
Sanctions administered in institutions and the community
-shock release
-boot camp