Correctional ideology is applied in practice in all of the following ways EXCEPT:
stigma of conviction
Chronic offenders tend to commit:
All of the above (Over three-quarters of all rapes, over 60% of all homicides, and almost three in four robberies)
The theological view of retaliation argues which of the following?
Retaliation fulfills a religious mission.
The aesthetic view of retaliation argues which of the following?
Punishment resolves social discord created by the offense and re-establishes a sense of harmony through requital.
The utilitarian view of retaliation argues which of the following?
Punishment has a specific beneficial and social consequence.
For deterrence to work, punishment must be all of the following EXCEPT:
harsh
Early penologists found that uniform punishment did not work as well as selective and specialized punishment in prisons for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
Uniform punishment generally results in proportional punishment.
Which of the following is a theory of punishment that argues that the reason for punishment is to disable the offender from committing another crime?
incapacitation
Selective incapacitation has all of the following advantages EXCEPT:
there is a high false positive rate with selective incapacitation.
Which of the following statements reflects a reason why it is generally asserted that punishment is NOT effective to reduce crime?
Many targets of punishment have a lot to lose from the deprivations and frustrations of punishment.
Which sentencing structure underlies the treatment model?
indeterminate
The prevention ideology contains all of the following concepts EXCEPT:
expulsion from school to target for outside programming.
Which of the following statements best describes the notion of correctional ideology?
Correctional ideology is a body of ideas and practices that pertain to the processing of offenders, as determined by law.
The expiatory view of retaliation argues which of the following?
Guilt must be washed away through suffering inflicted by punishment.
Which of the following is a theory of punishment that argues that the reason for punishment is to stop the specific person and others from doing the same criminal act?
Deterrence
Which type of correctional ideology argues that criminality is a manifestation of pathology that can be managed or even reversed in some way?
Treatment ideology
Restorative justice claims all of the following elements listed below EXCEPT:
does not allow the victim a voice in the criminal justice process.
The basic reasons for punishment include all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
rehabilitation.
This form of deterrence believes that a sanction deters potential offenders by inflicting suffering on actual offenders.
General deterrence
This form of deterrence believes that punishing individual offenders prevents their further criminal behavior.
Specific deterrence