__________ provide(s) assistance to inmates nearing release from prison.
Community corrections
____________ centers provide a more structured system for granting offenders gradual access to the community than community corrections centers.
Comprehensive sanctions
In 1984, Congress passed an act that
abolished federal parole
Due to new federal laws, probationary sentences are no longer available for offenders convicted of which type of crime?
Drug crimes
The majority of military offenders committed which type of crime?
Violent crimes
Which of the following is not one of the major correctional institutions in the state systems?
Weekend confinement prisons
The primary emphases of state prison facilities are
security and custody.
Which type of correctional system is more common in the northeast than in other parts of the U.S.?
Large industrial prisons
Agricultural prisons began in
the southern states
Which of the following is not a reason why many states are abandoning the use of prison farms?
State agencies are often unwilling to purchase food grown by inmates
Realistically, offenders are assigned to programs based on
institutional needs
Which group comprises the fastest-growing segment of the state prison population?
Hispanics
More than half of state prison inmates are incarcerated for what type of crime?
violent
Which of the following was not a reason for the increase in the state prison population between 1980 and 2010?
The Great Recession
Which type of correctional facility is most expensive to construct and operate?
A supermax prison
Which of the following statements about male inmates incarcerated in state prisons is false?
More than half were sexually abused while children
Which of the following is not one of the "Big Four" prison systems?
Atlanta
What Amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibits "cruel and unusual punishment"?
8th
This Amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibits cruel and unusual punishment.
eighth
A consent decree gives a correctional institution permission to
continue operating until a problem has been fixed within a specific time frame.
What law provides for the principal means of allowing inmate complaints into the federal court system?
Civil Rights Law of 1871
The explosion in correctional construction between 1987 and 2012 was in response to
problems of prison overcrowding.
The War on Drugs led to an increase in the number of which type of inmates?
Street gang members
Which is an example of a security threat group?
A prison gang
A special housing unit, or SHU, houses
offenders considered the worst of the worst.
The Bureau of Prisons is part of which government body?
Justice Department
Prior to the Civil War, where were federal prisoners housed?
state prisons
Which of the following was not a reason why the establishment of federal prison facilities was considered necessary by the 1890s?
Federal prisoners were excluded from involvement in contract labor
The 1918 ____________ Act prohibited the sale and consumption of alcohol and contributed to the problem of overcrowding in federal prisons.
Volsteadt
In which state was the first federal correctional facility for women constructed?
West Virginia
Who was the first director of the Federal Bureau of Prisons?
Sanford Bates
What is the purpose of the Bureau of Prisons' administrative remedy process?
To provide a venue for inmates to express and seek remedy for grievances
The National Institute of Corrections was established to
provide assistance and training to state and local correctional facilities
When the Bureau of Prisons adopted a more balanced approach, it formally deemphasized the ______ model.
medical
The Bureau of Prisons has ______ regional offices.
6
The most common offenses committed by federal inmates involve
violations of drug laws.
Federal inmates are most likely to be housed in what type of prison?
Minimum-security
Adult federal inmates sentenced to less than six months may be confined in
local jails.
The Bureau of Prisons has successfully contracted with the private sector for the confinement of __________-security inmates.
medium
Federal offenders being detained pretrial would generally be housed in a(n) __________-security level facility.
administrative
All federal inmates are required to participate in which type of activity?
Work
What is the purpose of Federal Prison Industries?
To prepare inmates for release and a successful transition to society
All federal inmates are required to participate in a mandatory _______ program if necessary.
literacy
How long do children born to pregnant federal inmates remain with the incarcerated mother?
Three months