What percent of of all inmates will be released at some point?
97%
Wisconsin Secure Program Facility
only supermax prison
Dodge Correctional
central prison
Taycheedah Correctional
only female max prison
Waupun Correctional
oldest prison
Oshkosh Correctional
biggest medium prison
recidivism
following an episode of incarceration w the WI DOC, an individual commits a criminal offence that results in a new conviction and sentence to WI DOC custody or supervision,
WI current rate is 30%
purpose and contents of a presentence investigation
used by the judge this to make the best sentence for the individual and society, made by a probation officer, describes the crime in question, suffering of any victims, defendants prior offences, personal data(family background, work history, education, s
What must judges consider when sentencing?
protection of the public, seriousness of the offense, rehabilitative needs of the defendant, mitigating factors, aggravating factors
mitigating factors
justify a lighter sentence, offender played a minor or passive role in the crime
aggravating factors
justify a harsher sentence, crime associated w/ criminal gang activity, wearing a bullet-proof vest
components of a bifurcated sentence
a period of incarceration followed by a period of extended supervision, felons are required to serve the entire length of both
What are the two reasons we punish criminals?
inflict suffering and prevent crime
retribution
eye for an eye
deterrence
prevent future crimes
incapacitation
set wrongdoers apart from the innocent people
rehabilitation
wrongdoers are treated for the issues underlying their criminality
three things victims of crimes want
opportunity to participate in the process, financial compensation, an apology
restorative justice
attempts to repair the damage that a crime does to the victim, their family and society as a whole
connection between the three things victims of crime want and restorative justice
relies on the efforts of the offenders to "undo" the harm caused by criminal act
withheld sentence
person is placed on probation and no sentence is assessed, if person is revoked, the person will go see the judge and get sentenced
imposed and stayed sentence
person is placed on probation and is given a sentence but it is stayed(delayed), if person is revoked, they would not go back to court, instead go straight to jail
probation w/ conditional jail time
person is placed on probation and is given a sentence as a condition of probation, person must serve conditional time upfront, if person is revoked, the person will see the judge and get sentenced
recidivism rate trends
male recidivated at a higher rate than female, decreased as offender age increased, 50% of offenders that recidivated did so in the first year following release, increased with shorter lengths of stay, highest for offenders with 3 or more prior periods of
What is the yearly cost to house a person in Wisconsin prison?
$34,000-35,000
Division of Adult Institutions
supervises22,000 inmates sentenced to prison or re-incarceration due to revocation
Division of Community Corrections
supervises 68,000 offenders placed by the courts on probation, parole, or extended supervision in the community
Division of Juvenile Corrections
promote a juvenile justice system that balances protection of the community, youth and competency building for responsible and productive community living
Division of Management Services
provides analytical and operational services that support all DOC policies, programs and service delivery initiatives
justifications for community corrections
reintegration, diversion, low cost alternative
Who is the father of probation?
John Augustus
Who is responsible for giving probation to defendants and who sets the conditions?
the judge and the probation officer
standard conditions
imposed on all offenders, regularly reporting to probation officer
punitive conditions
intended to increase punishment, community service, fines, restitution
treatment conditions
imposed to reverse self destructive behavior, mental health treatment
advantages of probation and parole
lower cost, increased employment, restitution, community support, reduced risk of criminal socialization, incentive for rehabilitation
disadvantages of probation and parole
relative lack of punishment, increased risk to the community, discriminatory and unequal effects
burden of proof in a probation revocation hearing
51% and probation officer has it
probation
most common form of punishment in US, a sentence to remain in the community under the supervision of a probation officer for a certain period of time and has certain conditions
extended supervision(parole)
an early release of an inmate from a prison sentence
drug courts
informal courtrooms that address the addiction issue which often leads to the eventual re-arrest of the offender
pretrial diversion programs
FDL County's Non-Violent Misdemeanor Diversion Program
day reporting centers
offenders report daily for purposes of treatment, education, and rehabilitation
boot camps
programs emphasize strict discipline, manual labor, and physical training
home confinement and electronic monitoring
offenders serve their terms of incarceration in their homes
What percent of WI probationers that successfully complete probation?
60%
FDL County's Non-Violent Misdemeanor Diversion Program
a 12 month period of supervision during which a participant's criminal case is suspended, each offender is required to complete certain tasks or activities during their supervision, allows offenders to demonstrate their rehabilitation and have their misde
How does home confinement serve community correction goals?
protects the community, saves public funds and space in correctional facilities, meets public expectations of punishment for criminals, allows them to continue community roles, provides the ability to match the punishment with the needs of the offender
What percentage of the US prison population is the world's prison population?
25%
relationship between race ans US prison population
5/100 male African Americans are in prison or jail
Why has the prison population tripled since 1985?
war on drugs, increased probability of incarceration, inmates serving more time for each crime, federal prison growth, rising incarceration of women
functions of jails
hold those charged with a crime until their trial, mentally ill, those convicted of misdemeanors and less serious felonies, receiving individuals from other institutions
argument for private prisons
cost efficiency, overcrowding, quality of service
argument against private prisons
financial concerns, unqualified staff, safety concerns, due process concerns, constitutional concerns
Pennsylvania System
based on separate confinement
New York System
congregate system, based on silence and labor
Medical Model
offer programs and therapies to cure inmates of root causes
Custodial Model
prisoners are incarcerated for incapacitation, deterrence, retribution
Rehabilitation Model
individualized treatment
Reintegration Model
training ground to prepare inmates for life after prison