________ of those convicted receive a community sentence such as a fine or probation.
a. two thirds
b. one half
c. one third
d. one quarter
a. two thirds
Older prisoners are more likely to:
a. break prison rules.
b. prefer solitude.
c. seek gang membership for protection.
d. be less stable.
b. prefer solitude.
The __________ offender is most likely to be the object of exploitation and practical jokes while incarcerated.
a. situational
b. career
c. mentally handicapped
d. alcohol
c. mentally handicapped
When we talk about characteristics associated with criminal offenders, we can conclude that:
a. there is much diversity with respect to the backgrounds of prisoners.
b. on the whole, while unique differences do exist, there are still many similarities amo
c. it is difficult (if not impossible) to make any general statements about criminal offenders.
According to your text, situational offenders pose many problems for the correctional system. Which of the following has been identified as a problem with this offender?
a. They will generally repeat the offense in the future.
b. They are extremely diffic
b. They are extremely difficult to rehabilitate.
Half of those entering state prisons are ________years old.
a. between 25 and 32
b. younger than 18
c. between 18 and 27
d. older than 35
c. between 18 and 27
A person who has committed a sexual act prohibited by law is known as a:
a. child molester.
b. rapist.
c. a social deviant.
d. sex offender.
d. sex offender.
Correctional clients, as a group, seem to ________ the general population?
a. differ markedly from
b. be markedly similar to
c. vastly like
d. be indistinguishable from
a. differ markedly from
The drug abuser presents ______________problems for corrections
a. indistinct and hardly any
b. classification and organizational
c. very few significant
d. both treatment and management]
d. both treatment and management]
The treatment program that has consistently proven to be successful for the alcohol abuser in general population but less successful for those in the correctional population is:
a. psychotherapy.
b. milieu therapy.
c. group counseling.
d. Alcoholics Anony
d. Alcoholics Anonymous.
A sex offender through legislation is commonly recognized as which of the following?
a. Rapist
b. prostitutes
c. child molesters
d. all these
c. child molesters
The decision to _______is a factor influencing the filtering process:
a. pigeonhole
b. grant bail
c. violate the law
d. acquit
b. grant bail
In a typical group of thirty or so young adults it is likely that __________ has been locked up.
a. at least five
b. at least one
c. at least half
d. no one
b. at least one
Every offender assigned to corrections is:
a. guilty.
b. violent.
c. Unique.
d. drug addicted.
c. Unique.
The most slippery concept in the classification of offenders is that of the:
a. career criminal.
b. violent.
c. sex offender.
d. mentally ill.
a. career criminal.
Most sexual offenses do not involve:
a. Violence.
b. coercion.
c. acquaintances.
d. the police.
a. Violence.
In classifying offenders, correctional administrators put them into groups based on:
a. their needs for treatment.
b. risk.
c. security issues they pose to the prison.
d. all of these.
d. all of these.
One key method shown to prevent AIDS transmission is through:
a. education.
b. passing out condoms.
c. prohibiting homosexual behavior.
d. legalizing drugs.
a. education.
Correctional treatment programs have proven to be most effective with:
a. compulsive and habitual drug abusers.
b. pedophiles.
c. career criminals.
d. none of these.
d. none of these.
The career criminal has several attributes:
a. his occupation
b. inexperienced
c. psychologically abnormal
d. believes he will never be caught
a. his occupation
References to "types" of offenders means they:
a. are easily stereotyped because their actions are so similar.
b. are fairly predictable for purposes of parole.
c. share important characteristics even though they vary in others.
d. behave very similarly f
c. share important characteristics even though they vary in others.
Most people would hardly call their own job a _________ if they had been seen at work only three or four times.
a. habit
b. career
c. plan
d. calling
b. career
To combat ambiguities in classification, correctional administrators have started using:
a. more subjective criteria in an attempt to successfully predict future criminal behavior.
b. expanded criteria to admit all relevant facts and use those facts invol
d. classification systems that recognize similarities and differences between offenders.
In recent years, America's prison population has been:
a. getting younger.
b. aging.
c. shrinking.
d. all of these.
b. aging.
More prisoners serve __________ sentences in the United States than in any other Western nation.
a. life
b. death
c. short
d. long
d. long
Most women believe rape is a violation emotionally, physically and rationally as well as a degrading act of violence.
True
Most sexual offenses occur between strangers.
False
Deinstitutionalization allows offenders the ability to also use affect treatment strategies in the community
True
It would be safe to say that significant numbers of correctional clients have a history of heavy drinking
True
It would be safe to say that classification decisions are not, on the whole, subject to sociopolitical pressures
False
Generally, mentally ill persons represent a greater risk of committing violent crimes than the population as a whole.
False
One correctional policy decision that may influence who becomes a correctional client is that street crimes warrant more attention from police.
True
There is widespread recognition that rape is a physical intrusion fueled by a desire for violent coercion rather than being sexually motivated.
True
HIV/AIDS is transmitted through blood and saliva
False
A key way to prevent AIDS both inside and outside of a correctional setting is through knowledge of the virus.
True
________offenders have been convicted of violent crimes or drug offenses.
long term
Factors influencing the filtering process through the correctional system include department policy and _______________.
bail
Martin and Yablonsky describe a situational offender as one who made a mistake and paid a debt to ______ for that mistake
society
Prostitution is more an _____________ crime than a sexual crime.
economic
___________ produce more disastrous consequences than heroin addicts
Alcoholics
We can view the criminal justice system as a ___________, because it operates as a large offender selection bureaucracy
filtering process
One of the most successful alcohol treatment programs having shown effectiveness is ___________________.
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)
The mentally ill offender is now recognized as an overgeneralization and a _______________.
social issue
A person who in a particular set of circumstances has violated the law but is not normally given to criminal behavior and who is unlikely to repeat the offense is the ___________.
situational offender
When the justice system brings the more serious cases forward for more severe punishments, it acts as a selective _________.
filter
Deinstitutionalization
Mental patient returns to the community
Civil commitment
Confined for life or until cured
Classification systems
Apply objective criteria to all prisoners
Offense criteria
Classification based on seriousness of crime
Risk criteria
Classification based on possible future criminal conduct
Situational offender
Susan Smith is one
career criminal
Person who sees criminality as their life
Mentally handicapped
IQs of less than 70
long term prisoner
person spends more than 10 years incarcerated
Program criteria
Classification based on appropriate correctional treatment