Which is the best example of negative feedback?
Thyroid hormone (TH) secreted into the bloodstream causes increased cellular metabolism and increased body temperature, and increased TH levels inhibit TH release.
What is the primary stimulus for parathyroid hormone release and what is its function?
low levels of Ca2+ in the blood
If you were to sample the blood of someone with hyperparathyroidism, predict what the plasma levels of calcium would be when compared to someone with normal parathyroid function.
higher
Dr. Spinks tests Professor Macgruder's blood for parathyroid hormone levels and finds that they are higher than normal. Can Dr. Spinks conclude hyperparathyroidism as a final diagnosis?
Yes; the definitive test is measuring hormone levels in the blood.
The common precursor for all steroid hormones is ________.
cholesterol
Where would the site of dysfunction be in someone who had excessive TSH and TH but low TRH?
anterior pituitary
C cells of the thyroid gland secrete ________.
calcitonin
Adults do not increase in height. This suggests that adult bones ________ .
lack open cartilaginous epiphyseal plates
Which hormone is permissive for growth and important for normal neural development?
thyroid hormone
Vitamin D is a precursor in the synthesis pathway of ________.
calcitriol
What pathological condition could arise if bone resorption exceeds deposition?
osteoporosis
Which endocrine gland is NOT correctly matched to a hormone it produces?
zona reticularis �ACTH
The endocrine gland that is a modified sympathetic ganglion is the
adrenal medulla.
The precursor chemical for ACTH synthesis is
POMC.
Melanocortins includes one or more of the following:
ACTH and MSH
hypercortisolism
Cushing's disease
Which of the following may be an autoimmune disease?
graves disease, addisons disease
May result from adrenal tumor
Cushing's disease
may result from a pituitary tumor
Cushing's disease
easily observable symptom of hypercortisolism
moon face
Structurally similar steroids sometimes bind to the same receptor, producing ________ effects.
crossover
Cortisol secretion shows a ________ pattern of secretion, normally peaking in the ________.
circadian, morning
Thyroid hormone contains the mineral
iodine.
The pituitary hormone that triggers the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland is
TSH.
Hyperthyroidism
increases protein catabolism.