Human Physiology 2

Constriction of the afferent arterioles will lead to
Select one:
a. increase in secretion of K+ ions into the proximal convoluted tubule.
b. an increase in urine output.
c. a decrease in glomerular filtration rate.
d. an increase in tubular reabsorption.

c. a decrease in glomerular filtration rate.

A man consumed a large volume (2 litres) of water over a 1 hour period. Which of the following would you expect to occur soon after drinking the water
Select one:
a. increased renin release.
b. no change aldosterone release.
c. increased vasopressin relea

d. reduced vasopressin release.

In the presence of vasopressin, the distal and collecting tubules are
Select one:
a. highly permeable to water.
b. impermeable to water.
c. highly permeable to renin.
d. impermeable to aldosterone.
e. none of the above

a. highly permeable to water.

Which of the following statements is most correct?
Aldosterone:
Select one:
a. is made in the lungs.
b. is tightly coupled with H+ ion secretion in the ureters.
c. increases Na+ absorption.
d. decreases H+ absorption from the Bowman's capsule.
e. increase

c. increases Na+ absorption.

Angiotensin II
Select one:
a. Is released from the proximal convoluted tubules into the blood stream.
b. Is released from the adrenal cortex to control blood pressure.
c. Acts primarily on the hypothalamus to decrease water secretion from the ureters.
d.

d. Acts on the adrenal cortex to stimulate release of aldosterone.

Dilation of the afferent arteriole will lead to
Select one:
a. an increase in GFR.
b. a decrease in GFR.
c. no change to GFR.
d. usually little change in heart rate but a decrease in respiration rate.
e. b and d

a. an increase in GFR.

Which of the following statements are incorrect.
Select one:
a. Aldosterone primarily acts on the efferent arteriole.
b. GFR is largely controlled by constriction of the collecting ducts.
c. The efferent arteriole supplies oxygenated blood to the glomerul

e. all of the above

Tubular reabsorption involves
Select one:
a. the selective movement of filtered substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries.
b. the selective movement of non-filtered substances from the peritubular capillaries into substances the t

a. the selective movement of filtered substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries.

An increase in aldosterone secretion would normally act to act to
Select one: a. increase renin secretion in the lungs.
b. decrease Na+ reabsorption, leading to a decrease in arterial blood pressure.
c. increase Na+ reabsorption, leading to an increase in

c. increase Na+ reabsorption, leading to an increase in arterial blood pressure.

During the process of glomerular filtration, fluid filtered from the glomerulus into the Bowman's capsule must directly pass through the:
Select one:
a. ureter
b. basement membrane.
c. proximal convoluted tubule.
d. lungs.
e. none of the above.

b. basement membrane.

Hypophysiotropic hormones refer to
Select one:
a. hormones synthesized by the hypothalamus that are released specifically into the that are released specifically into the hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system.
b. hormones released from the hypothalamus t

e. all of the above are correct

A portal system exists between the
Select one:
a. adrenal cortex and lungs.
b. hypothalamus and anterior pituitary.
c. hypothalamus and posterior pituitary.
d. small intestine and bladder.
e. large intestine and brain.

b. hypothalamus and anterior pituitary.

Which of the following hormones is secreted by the anterior pituitary?
Select one:
a. Prolactin
b. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
c. Growth hormone
d. FSH
e. All of the above

e. All of the above

One of the major differences between the anterior and posterior pituitary is that
Select one:
a. the posterior pituitary does not make hormones whereas the anterior pituitary does.
b. the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary strictly occurs onl

a. the posterior pituitary does not make hormones whereas the anterior pituitary does.

The loss of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) from the body would cause:
Select one:
a. Low estrogen
b. High estrogen
c. Low testosterone
d. High testosterone
e. A and C

e. A and C

Which of the following hormones is secreted by the posterior pituitary?
Select one: a. Oxytocin
b. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).
c. Vasopressin
d. A and C
e. None of the above

d. A and C

Adrenocorticotrophin Hormone (ACTH) stimulates:
Select one:
a. Adrenal medulla to release cortisol
b. Growth hormone release
c. Thyroid gland to release Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
d. Oxytocin release from the hypothalamus
e. None of the above

e. None of the above

Hypophysiotropic hormones from the hypothalamus
Select one:
a. control the release of hormones from the posterior pituitary.
b. travel via nerve axons from the hypothalamus to the kidney.
c. are carried in the hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system.
d. alw

c. are carried in the hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system.

In the normal adult human which pair of hormones is essential for life essential for life
Select one:
a. Cortisol and Growth Hormone
b. Thyroid hormone and Luteinising hormone
c. Testosterone and Estrogen
d. Thyroid hormone and Cortisol
e. None of the abo

d. Thyroid hormone and Cortisol

Oxytocin is released from which endocrine gland?
Select one:
a. Anterior pituitary
b. Adrenal cortex
c. Pineal gland
d. Thyroid gland
e. Posterior pituitary

e. Posterior pituitary