Ch 7 and 23

cannot be stored in secretory vesicles

steriod hormone

The adrenal medulla produces

catecholamines

All of the hormones secreted by the adrenal gland play a major role in growth and metabolism.

false

The pituitary hormone that stimulates cell growth and metabolism in many tissues is

somatotropin

Parathyroid hormone
A) All of these answers are correct.
B) stimulates osteoclast activity.
C) raises the level of calcium ion in the blood.
D) increases the rate of calcium absorption.
E) decreases the rate of calcium excretion.

All of these answers are correct

Typically, when steroid hormones bind to their receptors,

gene transcription may increase or decrease.

Mature, less active bone cells are termed

osteocytes

Each of the following hormones is an amino acid derivative except one. Identify the exception.

thyroid-stimulating hormone

Hyperthyroidism

increases protein catabolism

The effects of thyroid hormone on peripheral tissue include
A) increased sensitivity to sympathetic stimulation.
B) decreased oxygen consumption.
C) increased activity of osteoclasts.
Wrong - D) All of these answers are correct.
E) decreased heart rate.

all of these answers are correct

Cortisol secretion peaks between ________ and ________.

early morning, noon

Transcellular transport of intestinal calcium is accomplished by entry into the epithelial enterocytes via

apical calcium channels (TRPV6 = ECaC).

derivatives of tyrosine

amino acid-derived hormone

Cortisol has the following effects:

suppresses the immune system and influences brain function.

Premature closure of the epiphyseal plates could be caused by

elevated levels of sex hormones

Bill does not begin puberty until he is 16. What effect would you predict this will have on his stature?

Bill will probably be taller than if he had started puberty earlier.

The Thyroid hormones T3 and T4 are lipophilic so they do not require transporters to cross cell membranes.

False

site of vasopressin synthesis

hypothalamus

true endocrine gland of epithelial origin

anterior pituitary

lipophobic molecule that interacts with receptors on cell surface

peptide hormone

Cholesterol is a precursor for the synthesis of

progesterone, aldosterone, and estradiol.

A hormone that can lower blood levels of calcium ion is

calcitonin

The pituitary hormone that controls the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex is

ACTH

Parathyroid hormone is
Wrong - A) dissolved in plasma.
B) a lipid.
C) bound to a carrier.
D) an amine hormone.
Wrong - E) the cause of Graves' disease.

...

Vitamin D (calcitriol)
A) is bound to plasma protein for transport only.
Wrong - B) is formed by sunlight and synthesis is stimulated by high calcium levels.
Wrong - C) synthesis is stimulated by high calcium levels.
D) is formed by sunlight only.
E) is f

...

A condition that produces a reduction in bone mass or density sufficient to compromise normal function is

osteoporosis

The parathyroid glands produce a hormone that

increases the level of calcium ions in the blood.

Elevated levels of calcium ion in the blood stimulate the secretion of the hormone

calcitonin

The pituitary hormone that controls hormone synthesis and release from the thyroid gland is

TSH

Without cortisol's permissive effect on ________, an animal would die.

glucagon

Which of the following is NOT a method of hormone action?
A) control of electrical signaling pathways
B) All are methods of hormone action.
C) control of enzymatic reaction rates
D) control of gene expression and protein synthesis
E) control of ion or mol

All are methods of hormone action

Steroid hormones are synthesized in the ________ of the cell.

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Each of the following statements concerning peptide hormones is true except one. Identify the exception.

Peptide hormones in the bloodstream are always bound to carrier proteins.

The most complex endocrine responses involve the

hypothalamus

Increased blood calcium levels result in increased

secretion of calcitonin

Thyroid hormone contains the mineral

iodine

A. neurohypophysis
B. gonadotropins
C. adenohypophysis
D. aldosterone; cortisol
1) The posterior pituitary gland is also known as the _____.
2) The adrenal cortex produces a steroid hormone called ____ that controls Na+ and K+ homeostasis and another sero

1) A, neurohypophysis
2) D; aldosterone; cortisol
3) B; gonadotropins
4) C; adenohypophysis

Thyroid hormones

are lipophilic and must bind to plasma proteins for transport to target cells.

The posterior pituitary gland secretes

ADH (Vasopressin)

When a catecholamine or peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a cell,

a second messenger appears in the cytoplasm.

Calcium reabsorption at the kidneys is promoted by the hormone

calcitriol

The pituitary hormone that stimulates milk production by the mammary glands is

prolactin

storage and release site for oxytocin

posterior pituitary