cannot be stored in secretory vesicles
steriod hormone
The adrenal medulla produces
catecholamines
All of the hormones secreted by the adrenal gland play a major role in growth and metabolism.
false
The pituitary hormone that stimulates cell growth and metabolism in many tissues is
somatotropin
Parathyroid hormone
A) All of these answers are correct.
B) stimulates osteoclast activity.
C) raises the level of calcium ion in the blood.
D) increases the rate of calcium absorption.
E) decreases the rate of calcium excretion.
All of these answers are correct
Typically, when steroid hormones bind to their receptors,
gene transcription may increase or decrease.
Mature, less active bone cells are termed
osteocytes
Each of the following hormones is an amino acid derivative except one. Identify the exception.
thyroid-stimulating hormone
Hyperthyroidism
increases protein catabolism
The effects of thyroid hormone on peripheral tissue include
A) increased sensitivity to sympathetic stimulation.
B) decreased oxygen consumption.
C) increased activity of osteoclasts.
Wrong - D) All of these answers are correct.
E) decreased heart rate.
all of these answers are correct
Cortisol secretion peaks between ________ and ________.
early morning, noon
Transcellular transport of intestinal calcium is accomplished by entry into the epithelial enterocytes via
apical calcium channels (TRPV6 = ECaC).
derivatives of tyrosine
amino acid-derived hormone
Cortisol has the following effects:
suppresses the immune system and influences brain function.
Premature closure of the epiphyseal plates could be caused by
elevated levels of sex hormones
Bill does not begin puberty until he is 16. What effect would you predict this will have on his stature?
Bill will probably be taller than if he had started puberty earlier.
The Thyroid hormones T3 and T4 are lipophilic so they do not require transporters to cross cell membranes.
False
site of vasopressin synthesis
hypothalamus
true endocrine gland of epithelial origin
anterior pituitary
lipophobic molecule that interacts with receptors on cell surface
peptide hormone
Cholesterol is a precursor for the synthesis of
progesterone, aldosterone, and estradiol.
A hormone that can lower blood levels of calcium ion is
calcitonin
The pituitary hormone that controls the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex is
ACTH
Parathyroid hormone is
Wrong - A) dissolved in plasma.
B) a lipid.
C) bound to a carrier.
D) an amine hormone.
Wrong - E) the cause of Graves' disease.
...
Vitamin D (calcitriol)
A) is bound to plasma protein for transport only.
Wrong - B) is formed by sunlight and synthesis is stimulated by high calcium levels.
Wrong - C) synthesis is stimulated by high calcium levels.
D) is formed by sunlight only.
E) is f
...
A condition that produces a reduction in bone mass or density sufficient to compromise normal function is
osteoporosis
The parathyroid glands produce a hormone that
increases the level of calcium ions in the blood.
Elevated levels of calcium ion in the blood stimulate the secretion of the hormone
calcitonin
The pituitary hormone that controls hormone synthesis and release from the thyroid gland is
TSH
Without cortisol's permissive effect on ________, an animal would die.
glucagon
Which of the following is NOT a method of hormone action?
A) control of electrical signaling pathways
B) All are methods of hormone action.
C) control of enzymatic reaction rates
D) control of gene expression and protein synthesis
E) control of ion or mol
All are methods of hormone action
Steroid hormones are synthesized in the ________ of the cell.
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Each of the following statements concerning peptide hormones is true except one. Identify the exception.
Peptide hormones in the bloodstream are always bound to carrier proteins.
The most complex endocrine responses involve the
hypothalamus
Increased blood calcium levels result in increased
secretion of calcitonin
Thyroid hormone contains the mineral
iodine
A. neurohypophysis
B. gonadotropins
C. adenohypophysis
D. aldosterone; cortisol
1) The posterior pituitary gland is also known as the _____.
2) The adrenal cortex produces a steroid hormone called ____ that controls Na+ and K+ homeostasis and another sero
1) A, neurohypophysis
2) D; aldosterone; cortisol
3) B; gonadotropins
4) C; adenohypophysis
Thyroid hormones
are lipophilic and must bind to plasma proteins for transport to target cells.
The posterior pituitary gland secretes
ADH (Vasopressin)
When a catecholamine or peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a cell,
a second messenger appears in the cytoplasm.
Calcium reabsorption at the kidneys is promoted by the hormone
calcitriol
The pituitary hormone that stimulates milk production by the mammary glands is
prolactin
storage and release site for oxytocin
posterior pituitary