Which of the following is an example of an ecological community?
The many types of bacteria, fungi, and other microbes living in a human intestine
Which of the interactions are beneficial to one species but harmful to another?
Parasitism
Two species of birds feed on similar types of insects, and nest in the same tree species. This is an example of:
Exploitation competition
Two species of photosynthetic bacteria live in ocean water but use different wavelengths of light in photosynthesis. This example illustrates:
Resource partitioning
Studies of competing species in the same niche generally reveal that
Both species will alter their niches in a short time and then coexist
Field rats eat truffles, they carry mycorrhizae inside. Its spores concentrate in the feces of the art. Therefore, they disperse the spores to places where there are new host plants. What interaction unites these species?
Mutualism
Two species of monkeys feed on insects that live in holes in the same tree. The first species looks for insects in the upper part of the tree, while the other species does it in the lower part of the tree. This Example illustrates:
Resource partitioning
A bee pollinates a flower while sipping its nectar
Mutualism
An owl and a wood duck both need a tree cavity to nest
Competition
A snake eats a mouse
Predation
A mosquito sucks your blood
parasitism
The antipredator strategies employed by ladybird beetles is
Aposematic coloration
Which type of parasites feed or live by taking food that another individual has caught?
Cleptoparasite
Mycorrhizal fungi (directly) help their plant partners acquire
Soil nutrients.
________ mutualism describes a relationship where species are so dependent on their mutualistic relationship they cannot live in its absence.
Obligate
Which statement best describes a keystone species?
A rare uncommon species that has a strong effect on its community
Within a food web, herbivores are considered to be
intermediate species
The species at the top of a food web
Prey on other species and are not subject to predation
As the degree of environmental heterogeneity of a community increases, the number of plant and animals species tend to
Increase
The number of species within a community is usually greatest when
An intermediate frequency of disturbance occurs
When top-down control occurs within an intertidal zone along the rocky coastline of the Pacific Ocean, which of the following species controls the abundance of other species?
Starfish
Which major of the following is the least major agent of disturbance?
A rainstorm
The impact of a disturbance is determined by its
Frequency, intensity, and scale
As glaciers in North America melted, formerly glaciated areas were invaded by
Boreal forest, dominated by spruce and jack pine
A community in which secondary succession is very rapid has
High resilience
An example of secondary succession is
Crabgrass colonizing an abandoned wheat field
Being successful competing for sunlight means that plants should develop some of the following adaptations, except:
Using mycorrhizae
The ___ defines the physical conditions under which a species might live, in the absence of interaction with other species
Fundamental niche
If a predator affects all phenotypes within the prey population equally, will the interaction function as an agent of natural selection?
Even if a predator influences all phenotypes of the prey population equally still it will not result in natural selection
Batesian mimicry
A type of mimicry in which a harmless species looks like a species that is poisonous or otherwise harmful to predators.
Mullerian mimicry
two or more unpalatable species resemble each other
intermediate disturbance hypothesis
the hypothesis that ecosystems experiencing intermediate levels of disturbance are more diverse than those with high or low disturbance levels
Mutualism
A relationship between two species in which both species benefit